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. 1969;40(5):721–730.

Codeine and its alternates for pain and cough relief*

5. Discussion and summary

Nathan B Eddy, Hans Friebel, Klaus-Jürgen Hahn, Hans Halbach
PMCID: PMC2554504  PMID: 4898386

Abstract

This chapter concludes the survey of experimental and clinical data on the analgesic and antitussive properties of codeine and its potential therapeutic alternates. From an evaluation of their effectiveness on the one hand and the side-effects, including tolerance, dependence and abuse liability on the other, it would appear that the therapeutic goals of codeine could be achieved by other substances, except perhaps where analgesia, cough relief, and sedation are required simultaneously. The use of these other substances would, however, result in no particular gain and probably no particular loss.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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