Abstract
We detected and quantified tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) from monocytes/macrophages (M phi) in the peripheral blood of subjects from three different population groups, i.e., tuberculin-negative healthy subjects, tuberculin-positive healthy subjects, and patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. TNF-alpha or IL-6 activity in the culture supernatant of these cells was determined by the cytotoxicity of murine L-929 cells or by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Detection and enumeration of cells secreting either TNF-alpha or IL-6 were performed by an adaptation of the enzyme-linked immunospot assay. Monocytes/M phi from tuberculin-positive healthy subjects or patients with tuberculosis showed higher TNF-alpha- and IL-6-producing activities than those from tuberculin-negative healthy subjects. The number of TNF-alpha- and IL-6-secreting cells in either lipopolysaccharide- or muramyl dipeptide-stimulated mononuclear cells from tuberculin-positive healthy subjects and patients was significantly higher than that in cells from the tuberculin-negative healthy subjects.
Full text
PDF![3021](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c3df/258129/84685b43c8e3/iai00045-0177.png)
![3022](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c3df/258129/37a47baf9fd1/iai00045-0178.png)
![3023](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c3df/258129/a1f8cae788a3/iai00045-0179.png)
![3024](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c3df/258129/045148163e3a/iai00045-0180.png)
![3025](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c3df/258129/7b9eabd8875a/iai00045-0181.png)
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Akira S., Hirano T., Taga T., Kishimoto T. Biology of multifunctional cytokines: IL 6 and related molecules (IL 1 and TNF). FASEB J. 1990 Aug;4(11):2860–2867. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Baggiolini M., Walz A., Kunkel S. L. Neutrophil-activating peptide-1/interleukin 8, a novel cytokine that activates neutrophils. J Clin Invest. 1989 Oct;84(4):1045–1049. doi: 10.1172/JCI114265. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Barnes P. F., Fong S. J., Brennan P. J., Twomey P. E., Mazumder A., Modlin R. L. Local production of tumor necrosis factor and IFN-gamma in tuberculous pleuritis. J Immunol. 1990 Jul 1;145(1):149–154. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Beutler B., Cerami A. The common mediator of shock, cachexia, and tumor necrosis. Adv Immunol. 1988;42:213–231. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60846-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Böyum A. Isolation of mononuclear cells and granulocytes from human blood. Isolation of monuclear cells by one centrifugation, and of granulocytes by combining centrifugation and sedimentation at 1 g. Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl. 1968;97:77–89. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Carswell E. A., Old L. J., Kassel R. L., Green S., Fiore N., Williamson B. An endotoxin-induced serum factor that causes necrosis of tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Sep;72(9):3666–3670. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.9.3666. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Czerkinsky C. C., Nilsson L. A., Nygren H., Ouchterlony O., Tarkowski A. A solid-phase enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay for enumeration of specific antibody-secreting cells. J Immunol Methods. 1983 Dec 16;65(1-2):109–121. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(83)90308-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Czerkinsky C., Andersson G., Ferrua B., Nordström I., Quiding M., Eriksson K., Larsson L., Hellstrand K., Ekre H. P. Detection of human cytokine-secreting cells in distinct anatomical compartments. Immunol Rev. 1991 Feb;119:5–22. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1991.tb00575.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dinarello C. A. Interleukin-1 and its biologically related cytokines. Adv Immunol. 1989;44:153–205. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60642-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klimpel G. R., Shaban R., Niesel D. W. Bacteria-infected fibroblasts have enhanced susceptibility to the cytotoxic action of tumor necrosis factor. J Immunol. 1990 Jul 15;145(2):711–717. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Matthews N. Tumour-necrosis factor from the rabbit. III. Relationship to interferons. Br J Cancer. 1979 Oct;40(4):534–539. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1979.218. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rook G. A. The role of activated macrophages in protection and immunopathology in tuberculosis. Res Microbiol. 1990 Feb;141(2):253–256. doi: 10.1016/0923-2508(90)90040-w. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shimokata K., Kawachi H., Kishimoto H., Maeda F., Ito Y. Local cellular immunity in tuberculous pleurisy. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1982 Nov;126(5):822–824. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1982.126.5.822. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Skidmore B. J., Stamnes S. A., Townsend K., Glasebrook A. L., Sheehan K. C., Schreiber R. D., Chiller J. M. Enumeration of cytokine-secreting cells at the single-cell level. Eur J Immunol. 1989 Sep;19(9):1591–1597. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830190911. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Takashima T., Ueta C., Tsuyuguchi I., Kishimoto S. Production of tumor necrosis factor alpha by monocytes from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Infect Immun. 1990 Oct;58(10):3286–3292. doi: 10.1128/iai.58.10.3286-3292.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tracey K. J., Cerami A. Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor and other cytokines in infectious disease. Curr Opin Immunol. 1989 Feb;1(3):454–461. doi: 10.1016/0952-7915(88)90026-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Valone S. E., Rich E. A., Wallis R. S., Ellner J. J. Expression of tumor necrosis factor in vitro by human mononuclear phagocytes stimulated with whole Mycobacterium bovis BCG and mycobacterial antigens. Infect Immun. 1988 Dec;56(12):3313–3315. doi: 10.1128/iai.56.12.3313-3315.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Van Snick J. Interleukin-6: an overview. Annu Rev Immunol. 1990;8:253–278. doi: 10.1146/annurev.iy.08.040190.001345. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wallis R. S., Fujiwara H., Ellner J. J. Direct stimulation of monocyte release of interleukin 1 by mycobacterial protein antigens. J Immunol. 1986 Jan;136(1):193–196. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]