Skip to main content

Some NLM-NCBI services and products are experiencing heavy traffic, which may affect performance and availability. We apologize for the inconvenience and appreciate your patience. For assistance, please contact our Help Desk at info@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

Journal of the National Medical Association logoLink to Journal of the National Medical Association
. 2004 Mar;96(3):332–340.

Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in relation to genetic admixture among Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks of Caribbean origin.

Eugene S Tull 1, Ann Thurland 1
PMCID: PMC2594884  PMID: 15040515

Abstract

The tendency to develop insulin resistance and dyslipidemia varies between black Africans, white Europeans, and Amerindian racial groups. Genetic admixture of these three racial groups has resulted in hybrid populations of Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks. The current study was undertaken to examine the relationship of white European admixture to insulin resistance and dyslipidemia among Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks of Caribbean origin. The study population included 224 Hispanics and 684 non-Hispanic blacks without a history of diabetes who were recruited between 1995 and 1999 on the island of St. Croix in the U.S. Virgin Islands. For each participant, anthropometric measurements were performed, and a fasting blood sample was analyzed for glucose, insulin, and serum lipids (triglycerides, HDL cholesterol). Genetic admixture was determined from grandparent race data. Hispanics were more likely than non-Hispanic blacks to have dyslipidemia and insulin resistance (measured by HOMA-IR method). White European admixture was significantly and inversely associated with insulin resistance among Hispanics. There was no significant relationship between white European admixture and insulin resistance or dyslipidemia among non-Hispanic blacks. Individuals who classified themselves as Hispanic blacks appeared to have a greater risk for cardiovascular disease than Hispanic whites or non-Hispanic blacks.

Full text

PDF
332

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Balkau B., Charles M. A. Comment on the provisional report from the WHO consultation. European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR) Diabet Med. 1999 May;16(5):442–443. doi: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.1999.00059.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Batey L. S., Goff D. C., Jr, Tortolero S. R., Nichaman M. Z., Chan W., Chan F. A., Grunbaum J., Hanis C. L., Labarthe D. R. Summary measures of the insulin resistance syndrome are adverse among Mexican-American versus non-Hispanic white children: the Corpus Christi Child Heart Study. Circulation. 1997 Dec 16;96(12):4319–4325. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.96.12.4319. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bucolo G., David H. Quantitative determination of serum triglycerides by the use of enzymes. Clin Chem. 1973 May;19(5):476–482. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chakraborty R., Ferrell R. E., Stern M. P., Haffner S. M., Hazuda H. P., Rosenthal M. Relationship of prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus to Amerindian admixture in the Mexican Americans of San Antonio, Texas. Genet Epidemiol. 1986;3(6):435–454. doi: 10.1002/gepi.1370030608. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chiu K. C., Chuang L. M., Yoon C. Comparison of measured and estimated indices of insulin sensitivity and beta cell function: impact of ethnicity on insulin sensitivity and beta cell function in glucose-tolerant and normotensive subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Apr;86(4):1620–1625. doi: 10.1210/jcem.86.4.7432. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA. 2001 May 16;285(19):2486–2497. doi: 10.1001/jama.285.19.2486. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fontbonne A., Papoz L., Eschwege E., Roger M., Saint-Paul M., Simon D. Features of insulin-resistance syndrome in men from French Caribbean Islands. The Telecom Study. Diabetes. 1992 Nov;41(11):1385–1389. doi: 10.2337/diab.41.11.1385. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Garza-Chapa Raul, De Los Angeles Rojas-Alvarado Ma., Cerda-Flores Ricardo M. Prevalence of NIDDM in Mexicans with paraphyletic and polyphyletic surnames. Am J Hum Biol. 2000 Nov 1;12(6):721–728. doi: 10.1002/1520-6300(200011/12)12:6<721::AID-AJHB1>3.0.CO;2-I. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Haffner S. M., D'Agostino R., Jr, Goff D., Howard B., Festa A., Saad M. F., Mykkänen L. LDL size in African Americans, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic whites : the insulin resistance atherosclerosis study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999 Sep;19(9):2234–2240. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.19.9.2234. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Haffner S. M., D'Agostino R., Saad M. F., Rewers M., Mykkänen L., Selby J., Howard G., Savage P. J., Hamman R. F., Wagenknecht L. E. Increased insulin resistance and insulin secretion in nondiabetic African-Americans and Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic whites. The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Diabetes. 1996 Jun;45(6):742–748. doi: 10.2337/diab.45.6.742. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hanis C. L., Hewett-Emmett D., Bertin T. K., Schull W. J. Origins of U.S. Hispanics. Implications for diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1991 Jul;14(7):618–627. doi: 10.2337/diacare.14.7.618. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Howard B. V., Mayer-Davis E. J., Goff D., Zaccaro D. J., Laws A., Robbins D. C., Saad M. F., Selby J., Hamman R. F., Krauss R. M. Relationships between insulin resistance and lipoproteins in nondiabetic African Americans, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic whites: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Metabolism. 1998 Oct;47(10):1174–1179. doi: 10.1016/s0026-0495(98)90319-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Jones Daniel W., Chambless Lloyd E., Folsom Aaron R., Heiss Gerardo, Hutchinson Richard G., Sharrett A. Richey, Szklo Moyses, Taylor Herman A., Jr Risk factors for coronary heart disease in African Americans: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study, 1987-1997. Arch Intern Med. 2002 Dec 9;162(22):2565–2571. doi: 10.1001/archinte.162.22.2565. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Matthews D. R., Hosker J. P., Rudenski A. S., Naylor B. A., Treacher D. F., Turner R. C. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985 Jul;28(7):412–419. doi: 10.1007/BF00280883. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Mitchell B. D., Williams-Blangero S., Chakraborty R., Valdez R., Hazuda H. P., Haffner S. M., Stern M. P. A comparison of three methods for assessing Amerindian admixture in Mexican Americans. Ethn Dis. 1993 Winter;3(1):22–31. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Park Yong-Woo, Zhu Shankuan, Palaniappan Latha, Heshka Stanley, Carnethon Mercedes R., Heymsfield Steven B. The metabolic syndrome: prevalence and associated risk factor findings in the US population from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Arch Intern Med. 2003 Feb 24;163(4):427–436. doi: 10.1001/archinte.163.4.427. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Parra E. J., Marcini A., Akey J., Martinson J., Batzer M. A., Cooper R., Forrester T., Allison D. B., Deka R., Ferrell R. E. Estimating African American admixture proportions by use of population-specific alleles. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Dec;63(6):1839–1851. doi: 10.1086/302148. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Reaven G., Segal K., Hauptman J., Boldrin M., Lucas C. Effect of orlistat-assisted weight loss in decreasing coronary heart disease risk in patients with syndrome X. Am J Cardiol. 2001 Apr 1;87(7):827–831. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9149(00)01521-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Reaven Gerald M. Importance of identifying the overweight patient who will benefit the most by losing weight. Ann Intern Med. 2003 Mar 4;138(5):420–423. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-138-5-200303040-00012. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Saad M. F., Lillioja S., Nyomba B. L., Castillo C., Ferraro R., De Gregorio M., Ravussin E., Knowler W. C., Bennett P. H., Howard B. V. Racial differences in the relation between blood pressure and insulin resistance. N Engl J Med. 1991 Mar 14;324(11):733–739. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199103143241105. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Sorlie P. D., Sharrett A. R., Patsch W., Schreiner P. J., Davis C. E., Heiss G., Hutchinson R. The relationship between lipids/lipoproteins and atherosclerosis in African Americans and whites: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Ann Epidemiol. 1999 Apr;9(3):149–158. doi: 10.1016/s1047-2797(98)00063-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Sundquist J., Winkleby M. A., Pudaric S. Cardiovascular disease risk factors among older black, Mexican-American, and white women and men: an analysis of NHANES III, 1988-1994. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001 Feb;49(2):109–116. doi: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49030.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Tull E. S., Roseman J. M., Christian C. L. Epidemiology of childhood IDDM in U.S. Virgin Islands from 1979 to 1988. Evidence of an epidemic in early 1980s and variation by degree of racial admixture. Diabetes Care. 1991 Jul;14(7):558–564. doi: 10.2337/diacare.14.7.558. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Tull Eugene S., LaPorte Ronald, Kriska Andrea, Mark Joseph, Hatcher Ann T. Glucose intolerance by race and ethnicity in the U.S. Virgin Islands. J Natl Med Assoc. 2002 Mar;94(3):135–142. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Vega G. L., Clark L. T., Tang A., Marcovina S., Grundy S. M., Cohen J. C. Hepatic lipase activity is lower in African American men than in white American men: effects of 5' flanking polymorphism in the hepatic lipase gene (LIPC). J Lipid Res. 1998 Jan;39(1):228–232. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Vermaak W. J., Ubbink J. B., Delport R., Becker P. J., Bissbort S. H., Ungerer J. P. Ethnic immunity to coronary heart disease? Atherosclerosis. 1991 Aug;89(2-3):155–162. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(91)90056-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Warnick G. R., Albers J. J. A comprehensive evaluation of the heparin-manganese precipitation procedure for estimating high density lipoprotein cholesterol. J Lipid Res. 1978 Jan;19(1):65–76. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Wild S., McKeigue P. Cross sectional analysis of mortality by country of birth in England and Wales, 1970-92. BMJ. 1997 Mar 8;314(7082):705–710. doi: 10.1136/bmj.314.7082.705. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Williams R. C., Long J. C., Hanson R. L., Sievers M. L., Knowler W. C. Individual estimates of European genetic admixture associated with lower body-mass index, plasma glucose, and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Pima Indians. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 Feb;66(2):527–538. doi: 10.1086/302773. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Zoratti R., Godsland I. F., Chaturvedi N., Crook D., Crook D., Stevenson J. C., McKeigue P. M. Relation of plasma lipids to insulin resistance, nonesterified fatty acid levels, and body fat in men from three ethnic groups: relevance to variation in risk of diabetes and coronary disease. Metabolism. 2000 Feb;49(2):245–252. doi: 10.1016/s0026-0495(00)91507-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of the National Medical Association are provided here courtesy of National Medical Association

RESOURCES