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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2008 Jul 22;33(7):916–925. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.03.018

Table 3.

Cortisol levels, temperament measures, and maladjustment scores for boys and girls in the sample. Negative affect was measured at nine months of age, while the other measures were each collected at four years of age. Standard deviations are noted in parentheses.

Overall Boys Girls
Negative Affect 6.29
(1.38)
6.52
(1.28)
6.08
(1.45)
Basal Cortisol 0.41
(0.18)
0.43
(0.17)
0.39
(0.18)
Withdrawal −0.05
(0.80)
0.06
(0.94)
−0.15
(0.63)
Acting Out 0.00
(0.68)
0.34**
(0.66)
−0.31**
(0.54)
+

p<0.10

*

p<0.05

**

p<0.01