Skip to main content
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1987 Aug;55(8):1801–1805. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.8.1801-1805.1987

Effect of various diets on toxin production by two strains of Clostridium difficile in gnotobiotic mice.

S Mahe, G Corthier, F Dubos
PMCID: PMC260604  PMID: 3610315

Abstract

When axenic mice fed a commercial diet were monoassociated with two toxigenic strains of Clostridium difficile, 100% of them died 3 days after inoculation and both enterotoxin and cytotoxin were produced in their intestinal tract. However, when axenic mice were fed various semisynthetic diets before C. difficile challenge, some of them survived and their fecal cytotoxin and enterotoxin productions were highly reduced, whereas the C. difficile population level did not decrease to a great extent. Thus, gnotobiotic mice associated with C. difficile were a good model for the study of modulation by the dietary regimen of intestinal cytotoxin and enterotoxin production.

Full text

PDF
1801

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Borriello S. P., Barclay F. E. Protection of hamsters against Clostridium difficile ileocaecitis by prior colonisation with non-pathogenic strains. J Med Microbiol. 1985 Jun;19(3):339–350. doi: 10.1099/00222615-19-3-339. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Brettle R. P., Poxton I. R., Murdoch J. M., Brown R., Byrne M. D., Collee J. G. Clostridium difficile in association with sporadic diarrhoea. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1982 Jan 23;284(6311):230–233. doi: 10.1136/bmj.284.6311.230. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Corthier G., Dubos F., Raibaud P. Modulation of cytotoxin production by Clostridium difficile in the intestinal tracts of gnotobiotic mice inoculated with various human intestinal bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1985 Jan;49(1):250–252. doi: 10.1128/aem.49.1.250-252.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Czuprynski C. J., Johnson W. J., Balish E., Wilkins T. Pseudomembranous colitis in Clostridium difficile-monoassociated rats. Infect Immun. 1983 Mar;39(3):1368–1376. doi: 10.1128/iai.39.3.1368-1376.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Guenet J. L., Sacquet E., Gueneau G., Meslin J. C. Action de la microflore totale du rat sur l'activité mitotique des cryptes de Lieberkühn. C R Acad Sci Hebd Seances Acad Sci D. 1970 Jun 22;270(25):3087–3090. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Haslam S. C., Ketley J. M., Mitchell T. J., Stephen J., Burdon D. W., Candy D. C. Growth of Clostridium difficile and production of toxins A and B in complex and defined media. J Med Microbiol. 1986 Jun;21(4):293–297. doi: 10.1099/00222615-21-4-293. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Krivan H. C., Clark G. F., Smith D. F., Wilkins T. D. Cell surface binding site for Clostridium difficile enterotoxin: evidence for a glycoconjugate containing the sequence Gal alpha 1-3Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc. Infect Immun. 1986 Sep;53(3):573–581. doi: 10.1128/iai.53.3.573-581.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Larson H. E., Price A. B., Honour P., Borriello S. P. Clostridium difficile and the aetiology of pseudomembranous colitis. Lancet. 1978 May 20;1(8073):1063–1066. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(78)90912-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Libby J. M., Donta S. T., Wilkins T. D. Clostridium difficile toxin A in infants. J Infect Dis. 1983 Sep;148(3):606–606. doi: 10.1093/infdis/148.3.606. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Lyerly D. M., Lockwood D. E., Richardson S. H., Wilkins T. D. Biological activities of toxins A and B of Clostridium difficile. Infect Immun. 1982 Mar;35(3):1147–1150. doi: 10.1128/iai.35.3.1147-1150.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Lyerly D. M., Saum K. E., MacDonald D. K., Wilkins T. D. Effects of Clostridium difficile toxins given intragastrically to animals. Infect Immun. 1985 Feb;47(2):349–352. doi: 10.1128/iai.47.2.349-352.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lyerly D. M., Sullivan N. M., Wilkins T. D. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Clostridium difficile toxin A. J Clin Microbiol. 1983 Jan;17(1):72–78. doi: 10.1128/jcm.17.1.72-78.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Moreau M. C., Ducluzeau R., Raibaud P. Hydrolysis of urea in the gastrointestinal tract of "monoxenic" rats: effect of immunization with strains of ureolytic bacteria. Infect Immun. 1976 Jan;13(1):9–15. doi: 10.1128/iai.13.1.9-15.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. O'Hanley P. D., Cantey J. R. Immune response of the ileum to invasive Escherichia coli diarrheal disease in rabbits. Infect Immun. 1981 Jan;31(1):316–322. doi: 10.1128/iai.31.1.316-322.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Onderdonk A. B., Cisneros R. L., Bartlett J. G. Clostridium difficile in gnotobiotic mice. Infect Immun. 1980 Apr;28(1):277–282. doi: 10.1128/iai.28.1.277-282.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Pérez-Schael I., Flores J. Stimulation of intestinal adenylate cyclase by cholera toxin in malnourished rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1985 Nov;180(2):231–235. doi: 10.3181/00379727-180-42169. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Raibaud P., Dickinson A. B., Sacquet E., Charlier H., Mocquot G. La microflore du tube digestif du rat. I. Techniques d'étude et milieux de culture proposés. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 1966 Apr;110(4):568–590. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Sacquet E., Raibaud P., Garnier J. Etude comparée de la microflore de l'estomac, de l'intestin grêle et du caecum du rat "holoxénique" (conventionnel), et de ses modifications à la suite de diverses interventions chirurgicales: anse aveugle jéjunale, déviations biliaires. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 1971 Apr;120(4):501–524. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Sullivan N. M., Pellett S., Wilkins T. D. Purification and characterization of toxins A and B of Clostridium difficile. Infect Immun. 1982 Mar;35(3):1032–1040. doi: 10.1128/iai.35.3.1032-1040.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Wilson K. H., Sheagren J. N. Antagonism of toxigenic Clostridium difficile by nontoxigenic C. difficile. J Infect Dis. 1983 Apr;147(4):733–736. doi: 10.1093/infdis/147.4.733. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Wilson K. H., Sheagren J. N., Freter R., Weatherbee L., Lyerly D. Gnotobiotic models for study of the microbial ecology of Clostridium difficile and Escherichia coli. J Infect Dis. 1986 Mar;153(3):547–551. doi: 10.1093/infdis/153.3.547. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES