Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1985 Sep;49(3):719–723. doi: 10.1128/iai.49.3.719-723.1985

Kinetics and characterization of interferon production by murine spleen cells stimulated with Legionella pneumophila antigens.

D K Blanchard, T W Klein, H Friedman, W E Stewart 2nd
PMCID: PMC261255  PMID: 2411662

Abstract

Formalin-killed Legionella pneumophila bacterial cells, as well as a purified cell wall preparation (designated F-1 antigen) containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS), stimulated production of interferons (IFNs) in mouse spleen cell cultures. L. pneumophila whole-cell vaccine induced an IFN that was pH 2 labile and neutralized by anti-IFN-gamma indicating that IFN-gamma was the dominant form present. F-1 antigen induced a mixture of IFNs, depending upon the age of the culture and cell types present. In freshly prepared whole-spleen cultures and in 2-h adherent cultures, F-1 induced predominantly IFN-alpha/beta. In whole-spleen cultures that were allowed to age for 24 to 48 h before stimulation, F-1 was seen to induce mostly IFN-gamma, with low levels of IFN-alpha/beta present. Since only IFN-alpha/beta was produced in T-cell-depleted populations (at 2 h or at 48 h), it is suggested that T cells are responsible for IFN-gamma production in aged cultures. Additionally, heat-treated F-1, Escherichia coli LPS, and heat-treated E. coli LPS all induced similar levels of IFN-gamma in whole-splenocyte or nonadherent cell cultures which were incubated 48 h before stimulation. This suggests that LPS present in F-1 is responsible for IFN-gamma production and that an activated cell population is required. These results show that L. pneumophila antigens can induce the production of various types of IFN in mouse spleen cell cultures through several mechanisms.

Full text

PDF
719

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Claeys H., Van Damme J., De Ley M., Vermylen C., Billiau A. Activation of natural cytotoxicity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by interferon: a kinetic study and comparison of different interferon types. Br J Haematol. 1982 Jan;50(1):85–94. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1982.tb01893.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Daisy J. A., Benson C. E., McKitrick J., Friedman H. M. Intracellular replication of Legionella pneumophila. J Infect Dis. 1981 Mar;143(3):460–464. doi: 10.1093/infdis/143.3.460. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Elliott J. A., Johnson W., Helms C. M. Ultrastructural localization and protective activity of a high-molecular-weight antigen isolated from Legionella pneumophila. Infect Immun. 1981 Feb;31(2):822–824. doi: 10.1128/iai.31.2.822-824.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Farrar W. L., Johnson H. M., Farrar J. J. Regulation of the production of immune interferon and cytotoxic T lymphocytes by interleukin 2. J Immunol. 1981 Mar;126(3):1120–1125. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Friedman F., Widen R., Klein T., Friedman H. Lymphoid cell blastogenesis as an in vitro indicator of cellular immunity to Legionella pneumophila antigens. J Clin Microbiol. 1984 Jun;19(6):834–837. doi: 10.1128/jcm.19.6.834-837.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Friedman H., Widen R., Klein T., Johnson W. Immunostimulation by Legionella pneumophila antigen preparations in vivo and in vitro. Infect Immun. 1984 Jan;43(1):347–352. doi: 10.1128/iai.43.1.347-352.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fukazawa Y., Kagaya K., Miura H., Shinoda T., Natori K., Yamazaki S. Biological and biochemical characterization of macrophage activating factor (MAF) in murine lymphocytes: physiocochemical similarity of MAF to gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). Microbiol Immunol. 1984;28(6):691–702. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1984.tb00723.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Horwitz D. A., Bakke A. C., Abo W., Nishiya K. Monocyte and NK cell cytotoxic activity in human adherent cell preparations: discriminating effects of interferon and lactoferrin. J Immunol. 1984 May;132(5):2370–2374. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Horwitz M. A. Cell-mediated immunity in Legionnaires' disease. J Clin Invest. 1983 Jun;71(6):1686–1697. doi: 10.1172/JCI110923. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Horwitz M. A., Silverstein S. C. Activated human monocytes inhibit the intracellular multiplication of Legionnaires' disease bacteria. J Exp Med. 1981 Nov 1;154(5):1618–1635. doi: 10.1084/jem.154.5.1618. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Horwitz M. A., Silverstein S. C. Interaction of the legionnaires' disease bacterium (Legionella pneumophila) with human phagocytes. II. Antibody promotes binding of L. pneumophila to monocytes but does not inhibit intracellular multiplication. J Exp Med. 1981 Feb 1;153(2):398–406. doi: 10.1084/jem.153.2.398. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Johnson H. M., Farrar W. L. The role of a gamma interferon-like lymphokine in the activation of T cells for expression of interleukin 2 receptors. Cell Immunol. 1983 Jan;75(1):154–159. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(83)90314-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Kasahara T., Hooks J. J., Dougherty S. F., Oppenheim J. J. Interleukin 2-mediated immune interferon (IFN-gamma) production by human T cells and T cell subsets. J Immunol. 1983 Apr;130(4):1784–1789. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kirchner H., Nicklas W., Giebler D., Keyssner K., Berger R., Storch E. Induction of interferon gamma in mouse spleen cells by culture supernatants of mycoplasma arthritidis. J Interferon Res. 1984 Summer;4(3):389–397. doi: 10.1089/jir.1984.4.389. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. McMaster P. R., Tsang V. C., Wong K. H., Feeley J. C., Gann D. S. Comparative adjuvant activities of Legionella pneumophila and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1984;73(4):357–362. doi: 10.1159/000233498. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Scott G. M., Wallace J., Tyrrell D. A., Cantell K., Secher D. S., Stewart W. E., 2nd Interim report on studies on "toxic" effects of human leucocyte-derived interferon-alpha (HuIFN-alpha). J Interferon Res. 1982;2(1):127–130. doi: 10.1089/jir.1982.2.127. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Vogel S. N., Hilfiker M. L., Caulfield M. J. Endotoxin-induced T lymphocyte proliferation. J Immunol. 1983 Apr;130(4):1774–1779. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Widen R., Klein T., Friedman H. Enhanced susceptibility of cyclophosphamide-treated mice to infection with Legionella pneumophila. J Infect Dis. 1984 Jun;149(6):1023–1024. doi: 10.1093/infdis/149.6.1023. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Wong G. H., Clark-Lewis I., Harris A. W., Schrader J. W. Effect of cloned interferon-gamma on expression of H-2 and Ia antigens on cell lines of hemopoietic, lymphoid, epithelial, fibroblastic and neuronal origin. Eur J Immunol. 1984 Jan;14(1):52–56. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830140110. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES