Abstract
Passive immunization with antibodies has been shown to prevent a wide variety of diseases. Recent advances in monoclonal antibody technology are enabling the development of new methods for passive immunization of mucosal surfaces. Human monoclonal antibodies, produced rapidly, inexpensively, and in large quantities, may help prevent respiratory, diarrheal, and sexually transmitted diseases on a public health scale.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (162.1 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Adamus G., Mulczyk M., Witkowska D., Romanowska E. Protection against keratoconjunctivitis shigellosa induced by immunization with outer membrane proteins of Shigella spp. Infect Immun. 1980 Nov;30(2):321–324. doi: 10.1128/iai.30.2.321-324.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Apter F. M., Michetti P., Winner L. S., 3rd, Mack J. A., Mekalanos J. J., Neutra M. R. Analysis of the roles of antilipopolysaccharide and anti-cholera toxin immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies in protection against Vibrio cholerae and cholera toxin by use of monoclonal IgA antibodies in vivo. Infect Immun. 1993 Dec;61(12):5279–5285. doi: 10.1128/iai.61.12.5279-5285.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Arikawa J., Yao J. S., Yoshimatsu K., Takashima I., Hashimoto N. Protective role of antigenic sites on the envelope protein of Hantaan virus defined by monoclonal antibodies. Arch Virol. 1992;126(1-4):271–281. doi: 10.1007/BF01309700. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Atherton S. S. Protection from retinal necrosis by passive transfer of monoclonal antibody specific for herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D. Curr Eye Res. 1992 Jan;11(1):45–52. doi: 10.3109/02713689209069166. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Babcook J. S., Leslie K. B., Olsen O. A., Salmon R. A., Schrader J. W. A novel strategy for generating monoclonal antibodies from single, isolated lymphocytes producing antibodies of defined specificities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jul 23;93(15):7843–7848. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.15.7843. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Barbas C. F., 3rd, Hu D., Dunlop N., Sawyer L., Cababa D., Hendry R. M., Nara P. L., Burton D. R. In vitro evolution of a neutralizing human antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to enhance affinity and broaden strain cross-reactivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 26;91(9):3809–3813. doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.9.3809. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Beck L. R., Boots L. R., Stevens V. C. Absorption of antibodies from the baboon vagina. Biol Reprod. 1975 Aug;13(1):10–16. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod13.1.10. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Booth V., Ashley F. P., Lehner T. Passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies against Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with periodontitis. Infect Immun. 1996 Feb;64(2):422–427. doi: 10.1128/iai.64.2.422-427.1996. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cassone A., Boccanera M., Adriani D., Santoni G., De Bernardis F. Rats clearing a vaginal infection by Candida albicans acquire specific, antibody-mediated resistance to vaginal reinfection. Infect Immun. 1995 Jul;63(7):2619–2624. doi: 10.1128/iai.63.7.2619-2624.1995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chanock R. M., Crowe J. E., Jr, Murphy B. R., Burton D. R. Human monoclonal antibody Fab fragments cloned from combinatorial libraries: potential usefulness in prevention and/or treatment of major human viral diseases. Infect Agents Dis. 1993 Jun;2(3):118–131. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chintalacharuvu K. R., Morrison S. L. Production of secretory immunoglobulin A by a single mammalian cell. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Jun 10;94(12):6364–6368. doi: 10.1073/pnas.94.12.6364. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cone R. A., Whaley K. J. Monoclonal antibodies for reproductive health: Part I. Preventing sexual transmission of disease and pregnancy with topically applied antibodies. Am J Reprod Immunol. 1994 Sep;32(2):114–131. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.1994.tb01102.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cotter T. W., Meng Q., Shen Z. L., Zhang Y. X., Su H., Caldwell H. D. Protective efficacy of major outer membrane protein-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG monoclonal antibodies in a murine model of Chlamydia trachomatis genital tract infection. Infect Immun. 1995 Dec;63(12):4704–4714. doi: 10.1128/iai.63.12.4704-4714.1995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Danes L., Hrusková J. Efficiency testing of passive immunization against Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis in mice. Acta Virol. 1969 Nov;13(6):554–556. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Davidson G. P., Whyte P. B., Daniels E., Franklin K., Nunan H., McCloud P. I., Moore A. G., Moore D. J. Passive immunisation of children with bovine colostrum containing antibodies to human rotavirus. Lancet. 1989 Sep 23;2(8665):709–712. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(89)90771-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dietzschold B., Kao M., Zheng Y. M., Chen Z. Y., Maul G., Fu Z. F., Rupprecht C. E., Koprowski H. Delineation of putative mechanisms involved in antibody-mediated clearance of rabies virus from the central nervous system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 1;89(15):7252–7256. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.15.7252. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Diggs C. L., Hines F., Wellde B. T. Plasmodium falciparum: passive immunization of Aotus lemurinus griseimembra with immune serum. Exp Parasitol. 1995 Mar;80(2):291–296. doi: 10.1006/expr.1995.1035. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Drabick J. J., Narayanan R. B., Williams J. C., Leduc J. W., Nacy C. A. Passive protection of mice against lethal Francisella tularensis (live tularemia vaccine strain) infection by the sera of human recipients of the live tularemia vaccine. Am J Med Sci. 1994 Aug;308(2):83–87. doi: 10.1097/00000441-199408000-00003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Eis-Hübinger A. M., Schmidt D. S., Schneweis K. E. Anti-glycoprotein B monoclonal antibody protects T cell-depleted mice against herpes simplex virus infection by inhibition of virus replication at the inoculated mucous membranes. J Gen Virol. 1993 Mar;74(Pt 3):379–385. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-74-3-379. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fisher M. W. A polyvalent human gamma-globulin immune to Pseudomonas aeruginosa: passive protection of mice against lethal infection. J Infect Dis. 1977 Aug;136 (Suppl):S181–S185. doi: 10.1093/infdis/136.supplement.s181. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Green L. L., Hardy M. C., Maynard-Currie C. E., Tsuda H., Louie D. M., Mendez M. J., Abderrahim H., Noguchi M., Smith D. H., Zeng Y. Antigen-specific human monoclonal antibodies from mice engineered with human Ig heavy and light chain YACs. Nat Genet. 1994 May;7(1):13–21. doi: 10.1038/ng0594-13. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harmon R. C., Rutherford R. L., Wu H. M., Collins M. S. Monoclonal antibody-mediated protection and neutralization of motility in experimental Proteus mirabilis infection. Infect Immun. 1989 Jul;57(7):1936–1941. doi: 10.1128/iai.57.7.1936-1941.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hiatt A. Antibodies produced in plants. Nature. 1990 Mar 29;344(6265):469–470. doi: 10.1038/344469a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jakeman K. J., Smith H., Sweet C. Mechanism of immunity to influenza: maternal and passive neonatal protection following immunization of adult ferrets with a live vaccinia-influenza virus haemagglutinin recombinant but not with recombinants containing other influenza virus proteins. J Gen Virol. 1989 Jun;70(Pt 6):1523–1531. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-70-6-1523. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Johnson A. M., McDonald P. J., Neoh S. H. Monoclonal antibodies to Toxoplasma cell membrane surface antigens protect mice from toxoplasmosis. J Protozool. 1983 May;30(2):351–356. doi: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1983.tb02929.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Johnson R. C., Kodner C., Russell M. Passive immunization of hamsters against experimental infection with the Lyme disease spirochete. Infect Immun. 1986 Sep;53(3):713–714. doi: 10.1128/iai.53.3.713-714.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kaukoranta-Tolvanen S. E., Laurila A. L., Saikku P., Leinonen M., Laitinen K. Experimental Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in mice: effect of reinfection and passive immunization. Microb Pathog. 1995 Apr;18(4):279–288. doi: 10.1016/s0882-4010(05)80004-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kraehenbuhl J. P., Neutra M. R. Molecular and cellular basis of immune protection of mucosal surfaces. Physiol Rev. 1992 Oct;72(4):853–879. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1992.72.4.853. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kuo P. Y., Sherwood J. K., Saltzman W. M. Topical antibody delivery systems produce sustained levels in mucosal tissue and blood. Nat Biotechnol. 1998 Feb;16(2):163–167. doi: 10.1038/nbt0298-163. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Köhler G., Milstein C. Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. Nature. 1975 Aug 7;256(5517):495–497. doi: 10.1038/256495a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lamm M. E. Interaction of antigens and antibodies at mucosal surfaces. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1997;51:311–340. doi: 10.1146/annurev.micro.51.1.311. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lyerly D. M., Bostwick E. F., Binion S. B., Wilkins T. D. Passive immunization of hamsters against disease caused by Clostridium difficile by use of bovine immunoglobulin G concentrate. Infect Immun. 1991 Jun;59(6):2215–2218. doi: 10.1128/iai.59.6.2215-2218.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ma J. K., Hunjan M., Smith R., Kelly C., Lehner T. An investigation into the mechanism of protection by local passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies against Streptococcus mutans. Infect Immun. 1990 Oct;58(10):3407–3414. doi: 10.1128/iai.58.10.3407-3414.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ma J. K., Smith R., Lehner T. Use of monoclonal antibodies in local passive immunization to prevent colonization of human teeth by Streptococcus mutans. Infect Immun. 1987 May;55(5):1274–1278. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.5.1274-1278.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mendez M. J., Green L. L., Corvalan J. R., Jia X. C., Maynard-Currie C. E., Yang X. D., Gallo M. L., Louie D. M., Lee D. V., Erickson K. L. Functional transplant of megabase human immunoglobulin loci recapitulates human antibody response in mice. Nat Genet. 1997 Feb;15(2):146–156. doi: 10.1038/ng0297-146. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mikhailov V. V., Borisevich I. V., Chernikova N. K., Potryvaeva N. V., Krasnianskii V. P. Otsenka na pavianakh gamadrilakh vozmozhnosti spetsificheskoi profilaktiki likhoradki Ebola. Vopr Virusol. 1994 Mar-Apr;39(2):82–84. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mo H., Stamatatos L., Ip J. E., Barbas C. F., Parren P. W., Burton D. R., Moore J. P., Ho D. D. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mutants that escape neutralization by human monoclonal antibody IgG1b12. off. J Virol. 1997 Sep;71(9):6869–6874. doi: 10.1128/jvi.71.9.6869-6874.1997. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Niklasson B. S., Meadors G. F., Peters C. J. Active and passive immunization against Rift Valley fever virus infection in Syrian hamsters. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand C. 1984 Aug;92(4):197–200. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1984.tb00074.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nussbaum G., Yuan R., Casadevall A., Scharff M. D. Immunoglobulin G3 blocking antibodies to the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. J Exp Med. 1996 Apr 1;183(4):1905–1909. doi: 10.1084/jem.183.4.1905. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Prince G. A., Hemming V. G., Horswood R. L., Baron P. A., Chanock R. M. Effectiveness of topically administered neutralizing antibodies in experimental immunotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats. J Virol. 1987 Jun;61(6):1851–1854. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.6.1851-1854.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Raff H. V., Bradley C., Brady W., Donaldson K., Lipsich L., Maloney G., Shuford W., Walls M., Ward P., Wolff E. Comparison of functional activities between IgG1 and IgM class-switched human monoclonal antibodies reactive with group B streptococci or Escherichia coli K1. J Infect Dis. 1991 Feb;163(2):346–354. doi: 10.1093/infdis/163.2.346. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ramisse F., Szatanik M., Binder P., Alonso J. M. Passive local immunotherapy of experimental staphylococcal pneumonia with human intravenous immunoglobulin. J Infect Dis. 1993 Oct;168(4):1030–1033. doi: 10.1093/infdis/168.4.1030. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Saltzman W. M. Antibodies for treating and preventing disease: the potential role of polymeric controlled release. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 1993;10(2):111–142. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sato Y., Sato H. Further characterization of Japanese acellular pertussis vaccine prepared in 1988 by 6 Japanese manufacturers. Tokai J Exp Clin Med. 1988;13 (Suppl):79–88. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schreiber J. R., Barrus V., Cates K. L., Siber G. R. Functional characterization of human IgG, IgM, and IgA antibody directed to the capsule of Haemophilus influenzae type b. J Infect Dis. 1986 Jan;153(1):8–16. doi: 10.1093/infdis/153.1.8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sherry B., Li X. Y., Tyler K. L., Cullen J. M., Virgin H. W., 4th Lymphocytes protect against and are not required for reovirus-induced myocarditis. J Virol. 1993 Oct;67(10):6119–6124. doi: 10.1128/jvi.67.10.6119-6124.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sherwood J. K., Zeitlin L., Chen X., Whaley K. J., Cone R. A., Saltzman W. M. Residence half-life of IgG administered topically to the mouse vagina. Biol Reprod. 1996 Jan;54(1):264–269. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod54.1.264. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Svenson S. B., Nurminen M., Lindberg A. A. Artificial Salmonella vaccines: O-antigenic oligosaccharide-protein conjugates induce protection against infection with Salmonella typhimurium. Infect Immun. 1979 Sep;25(3):863–872. doi: 10.1128/iai.25.3.863-872.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tacket C. O., Binion S. B., Bostwick E., Losonsky G., Roy M. J., Edelman R. Efficacy of bovine milk immunoglobulin concentrate in preventing illness after Shigella flexneri challenge. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1992 Sep;47(3):276–283. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1992.47.276. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tacket C. O., Losonsky G., Link H., Hoang Y., Guesry P., Hilpert H., Levine M. M. Protection by milk immunoglobulin concentrate against oral challenge with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. N Engl J Med. 1988 May 12;318(19):1240–1243. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198805123181904. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tjokronegoro A., Sirisinha S. Degradation of immunoglobulins by secretions of human reproductive tracts. J Reprod Fertil. 1974 May;38(1):221–225. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.0380221. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tsume Y., Taki Y., Sakane T., Nadai T., Sezaki H., Watabe K., Kohno T., Yamashita S. Quantitative evaluation of the gastrointestinal absorption of protein into the blood and lymph circulation. Biol Pharm Bull. 1996 Oct;19(10):1332–1337. doi: 10.1248/bpb.19.1332. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vaughan T. J., Osbourn J. K., Tempest P. R. Human antibodies by design. Nat Biotechnol. 1998 Jun;16(6):535–539. doi: 10.1038/nbt0698-535. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vaughan T. J., Williams A. J., Pritchard K., Osbourn J. K., Pope A. R., Earnshaw J. C., McCafferty J., Hodits R. A., Wilton J., Johnson K. S. Human antibodies with sub-nanomolar affinities isolated from a large non-immunized phage display library. Nat Biotechnol. 1996 Mar;14(3):309–314. doi: 10.1038/nbt0396-309. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Whaley K. J., Zeitlin L., Barratt R. A., Hoen T. E., Cone R. A. Passive immunization of the vagina protects mice against vaginal transmission of genital herpes infections. J Infect Dis. 1994 Mar;169(3):647–649. doi: 10.1093/infdis/169.3.647. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Williamson R. A., Burioni R., Sanna P. P., Partridge L. J., Barbas C. F., 3rd, Burton D. R. Human monoclonal antibodies against a plethora of viral pathogens from single combinatorial libraries. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 May 1;90(9):4141–4145. doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.9.4141. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zeitlin L., Whaley K. J., Sanna P. P., Moench T. R., Bastidas R., De Logu A., Williamson R. A., Burton D. R., Cone R. A. Topically applied human recombinant monoclonal IgG1 antibody and its Fab and F(ab')2 fragments protect mice from vaginal transmission of HSV-2. Virology. 1996 Nov 1;225(1):213–215. doi: 10.1006/viro.1996.0589. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
