Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Clinical Microbiology logoLink to Journal of Clinical Microbiology
. 1993 Mar;31(3):732–733. doi: 10.1128/jcm.31.3.732-733.1993

Gene encoding zonula occludens toxin (zot) does not occur independently from cholera enterotoxin genes (ctx) in Vibrio cholerae.

J A Johnson 1, J G Morris Jr 1, J B Kaper 1
PMCID: PMC262857  PMID: 8458975

Abstract

Of 167 Vibrio cholerae isolates screened for sequences homologous with zonula occludens toxin (zot) or cholera toxin (ctx) genes, 3.0% of non-O1, 100.0% of clinical O1, and 0.0% of environmental O1 strains contained both zot and ctx. zot was present only in strains that were ctx positive; all ctx-positive strains carried zot. The absence of zot-positive, ctx-negative strains suggests ZOT is not an independent virulence factor for V. cholerae, although ZOT may play a role in the pathogenesis of toxigenic strains.

Full text

PDF
732

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aldová E., Láznicková K., Stepánková E., Lietava J. Isolation of nonagglutinable vibrios from an enteritis outbreak in Czechoslovakia. J Infect Dis. 1968 Feb;118(1):25–31. doi: 10.1093/infdis/118.1.25. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Baudry B., Fasano A., Ketley J., Kaper J. B. Cloning of a gene (zot) encoding a new toxin produced by Vibrio cholerae. Infect Immun. 1992 Feb;60(2):428–434. doi: 10.1128/iai.60.2.428-434.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Dakin W. P., Howell D. J., Sutton R. G., O'Keefe M. F., Thomas P. Gastroenteritis due to non-agglutinable (non-cholera) vibrios. Med J Aust. 1974 Sep 28;2(13):487–490. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1974.tb70935.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Datta-Roy K., Banerjee K., De S. P., Ghose A. C. Comparative study of expression of hemagglutinins, hemolysins, and enterotoxins by clinical and environmental isolates of non-O1 Vibrio cholerae in relation to their enteropathogenicity. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1986 Oct;52(4):875–879. doi: 10.1128/aem.52.4.875-879.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Fasano A., Baudry B., Pumplin D. W., Wasserman S. S., Tall B. D., Ketley J. M., Kaper J. B. Vibrio cholerae produces a second enterotoxin, which affects intestinal tight junctions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jun 15;88(12):5242–5246. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.12.5242. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Finch M. J., Valdespino J. L., Wells J. G., Perez-Perez G., Arjona F., Sepulveda A., Bessudo D., Blake P. A. Non-01 Vibrio cholerae infections in Cancun, Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1987 Mar;36(2):393–397. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1987.36.393. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hanchalay S., Seriwatana J., Echeverria P., Holmgren J., Tirapat C., Moseley S. L., Taylor D. N. Non-O1 Vibrio cholerae in Thailand: homology with cloned cholera toxin genes. J Clin Microbiol. 1985 Feb;21(2):288–289. doi: 10.1128/jcm.21.2.288-289.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hoge C. W., Sethabutr O., Bodhidatta L., Echeverria P., Robertson D. C., Morris J. G., Jr Use of a synthetic oligonucleotide probe to detect strains of non-serovar O1 Vibrio cholerae carrying the gene for heat-stable enterotoxin (NAG-ST). J Clin Microbiol. 1990 Jun;28(6):1473–1476. doi: 10.1128/jcm.28.6.1473-1476.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kaper J. B., Moseley S. L., Falkow S. Molecular characterization of environmental and nontoxigenic strains of Vibrio cholerae. Infect Immun. 1981 May;32(2):661–667. doi: 10.1128/iai.32.2.661-667.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Levine M. M., Black R. E., Clements M. L., Cisneros L., Saah A., Nalin D. R., Gill D. M., Craig J. P., Young C. R., Ristaino P. The pathogenicity of nonenterotoxigenic Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 biotype El Tor isolated from sewage water in Brazil. J Infect Dis. 1982 Mar;145(3):296–299. doi: 10.1093/infdis/145.3.296. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Levine M. M., Kaper J. B., Herrington D., Losonsky G., Morris J. G., Clements M. L., Black R. E., Tall B., Hall R. Volunteer studies of deletion mutants of Vibrio cholerae O1 prepared by recombinant techniques. Infect Immun. 1988 Jan;56(1):161–167. doi: 10.1128/iai.56.1.161-167.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. MCINTYRE O. R., FEELEY J. C., GREENOUGH W. B., 3rd, BENENSON A. S., HASSAN S. I., SAAD A. DIARRHEA CAUSED BY NON-CHOLERA VIBRIOS. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1965 May;14:412–418. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1965.14.412. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Mekalanos J. J. Duplication and amplification of toxin genes in Vibrio cholerae. Cell. 1983 Nov;35(1):253–263. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90228-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Morris J. G., Jr, Black R. E. Cholera and other vibrioses in the United States. N Engl J Med. 1985 Feb 7;312(6):343–350. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198502073120604. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Morris J. G., Jr, Picardi J. L., Lieb S., Lee J. V., Roberts A., Hood M., Gunn R. A., Blake P. A. Isolation of nontoxigenic Vibrio cholerae O group 1 from a patient with severe gastrointestinal disease. J Clin Microbiol. 1984 Feb;19(2):296–297. doi: 10.1128/jcm.19.2.296-297.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Morris J. G., Jr, Takeda T., Tall B. D., Losonsky G. A., Bhattacharya S. K., Forrest B. D., Kay B. A., Nishibuchi M. Experimental non-O group 1 Vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis in humans. J Clin Invest. 1990 Mar;85(3):697–705. doi: 10.1172/JCI114494. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Oprandy J. J., Thornton S. A., Gardiner C. H., Burr D., Batchelor R., Bourgeois A. L. Alkaline phosphatase-conjugated oligonucleotide probes for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in travelers to South America and West Africa. J Clin Microbiol. 1988 Jan;26(1):92–95. doi: 10.1128/jcm.26.1.92-95.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Pal A., Ramamurthy T., Bhadra R. K., Takeda T., Shimada T., Takeda Y., Nair G. B., Pal S. C., Chakrabarti S. Reassessment of the prevalence of heat-stable enterotoxin (NAG-ST) among environmental Vibrio cholerae non-O1 strains isolated from Calcutta, India, by using a NAG-ST DNA probe. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1992 Aug;58(8):2485–2489. doi: 10.1128/aem.58.8.2485-2489.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Wright A. C., Guo Y., Johnson J. A., Nataro J. P., Morris J. G., Jr Development and testing of a nonradioactive DNA oligonucleotide probe that is specific for Vibrio cholerae cholera toxin. J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Sep;30(9):2302–2306. doi: 10.1128/jcm.30.9.2302-2306.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Wright A. C., Miceli G. A., Landry W. L., Christy J. B., Watkins W. D., Morris J. G., Jr Rapid identification of Vibrio vulnificus on nonselective media with an alkaline phosphatase-labeled oligonucleotide probe. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 Feb;59(2):541–546. doi: 10.1128/aem.59.2.541-546.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Yamamoto K., Takeda Y., Miwatani T., Craig J. P. Evidence that a non-O1 Vibrio cholerae produces enterotoxin that is similar but not identical to cholera enterotoxin. Infect Immun. 1983 Sep;41(3):896–901. doi: 10.1128/iai.41.3.896-901.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES