Medscape, LLC is pleased to provide online continuing medical education (CME) for this journal article, allowing clinicians the opportunity to earn CME credit. Medscape, LLC is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide CME for physicians. Medscape, LLC designates this educational activity for a maximum of 0.75 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. All other clinicians completing this activity will be issued a certificate of participation. To participate in this journal CME activity: (1) review the learning objectives and author disclosures; (2) study the education content; (3) take the post-test and/or complete the evaluation at http://www.medscape.com/cme/eid; (4) view/print certificate.
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this activity, participants will be able to:
Identify the classes of antimicrobial drugs most commonly used in Europe.
Describe patterns of antimicrobial drug use across regions in Europe.
Identify the most widely used antimicrobial drugs by country in Europe.
List European countries that show the highest antimicrobial drug resistance proportions.
Describe the association between antimicrobial drug use and the emergence of resistance.
EDITOR
Anne Mather, Technical Writer-Editor, Emerging Infectious Diseases. Disclosure: Anne Mather has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
CME AUTHOR
Désirée Lie, MD, MSEd, Clinical Professor, Family Medicine, University of California, Orange, California, USA; Director, Division of Faculty Development, UCI Medical Center, Orange. Disclosure: Désirée Lie has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
AUTHORS
Disclosures: Nienke van de Sande-Bruinsma, MSc, PhD; Hajo Grundmann, MD, PhD; Didier Verloo, DVM; Edine Tiemersma, PhD; Jos Monen, MSc; Herman Goossens, MD, PhD; and Matus Ferech, MSc, PhD, have disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Earning CME Credit
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Article Title: Antimicrobial Drug Use and Resistance in Europe
CME Questions
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Which of the following classes of antimicrobial drugs is least likely to be used in European countries?
A. Lincosamides
B. Fluoroquinolones
C. Cotrimoxazole
D. Macrolides
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Which of the following regions in Europe has the highest outpatient utilization of antimicrobial drugs?
A. Southern
B. Northern
C. Eastern
D. Central
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Which of the following is the most widely used antimicrobial drug class in Europe?
A. Macrolides
B. Penicillins
C. Nonpenicillin beta-lactams
D. Fluoroquinolones
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Which of the following European countries showed both the greatest use of antimicrobial drugs in ambulatory care and the highest resistance proportions?
A. France
B. Croatia
C. Italy
D. Greece
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Among European countries with high antimicrobial drug resistance rates, a robust and consistent association was most likely to be found between utilization and resistance for which of the following drugs?
A. Penicillins and macrolides
B. Lincosamides and macrolides
C. Penicillins and streptogramins
D. Penicillins and fluoroquinolones
Activity Evaluation
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| 3. The content learned from this activity will impact my practice. | ||||
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| 4. The activity was presented objectively and free of commercial bias. | ||||
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