Abstract
These studies were designed to examine the role of regulatory T cells in the polyclonal antibody response of human peripheral blood lymphocytes to extracts of bacterial isolates commonly associated with periodontal disease. Polyclonal antibody responses to the organisms tested were found to be T cell dependent, as are most of the B-cell activators in the human system. Functional T helper activity was resistant to 1,500 rads of irradiation. Optimal polyclonal antibody responses to the bacterial extracts occurred at a 3:1 T-cell-to-B-cell ratio, whereas pokeweed mitogen-induced responses peaked at a 1:1 ratio, suggesting a difference in T-cell regulatory influences in response to these activators. Purified populations of T helper and suppressor cells exerted potent regulatory control of the responses to the bacterial extracts. These findings support the conclusion that regulatory T lymphocytes exert a potent modulating influence over the polyclonal response to periodontally associated bacteria and may play an important role in regulating the lymphocyte response in the diseased site.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Baker J. J., Chan S. P., Socransky S. S., Oppenheim J. J., Mergenhagen S. E. Importance of Actinomyces and certain gram-negative anaerobic organisms in the transformation of lymphocytes from patients with periodontal disease. Infect Immun. 1976 May;13(5):1363–1368. doi: 10.1128/iai.13.5.1363-1368.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bick P. H., Carpenter A. B., Holdeman L. V., Miller G. A., Ranney R. R., Palcanis K. G., Tew J. G. Polyclonal B-cell activation induced by extracts of Gram-negative bacteria isolated from periodontally diseased sites. Infect Immun. 1981 Oct;34(1):43–49. doi: 10.1128/iai.34.1.43-49.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Broder S., Edelson R. L., Lutzner M. A., Nelson D. L., MacDermott R. P., Durm M. E., Goldman C. K., Meade B. D., Waldmann T. A. The Sézary syndrome: a malignant proliferation of helper T cells. J Clin Invest. 1976 Dec;58(6):1297–1306. doi: 10.1172/JCI108585. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Carpenter A. B., Sully E. C., Palcanis K. G., Bick P. H. Role of monocytes in polyclonal immunoglobulin production stimulated by sonicates of periodontally associated bacteria. Infect Immun. 1983 Dec;42(3):853–862. doi: 10.1128/iai.42.3.853-862.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Donaldson S. L., Bick P. H., Moore W. E., Ranney R. R., Burmeister J. A., Tew J. G. Polyclonal B-cell activating capacities of gram-positive bacteria frequently isolated from periodontally diseased sites. J Periodontal Res. 1982 Nov;17(6):569–575. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1982.tb01178.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Donaldson S. L., Ranney R. R., Burmeister J. A., Tew J. G. Blastogenic responses by lymphocytes from periodontally healthy populations induced by periodontitis-associated bacteria. J Periodontol. 1982 Dec;53(12):743–751. doi: 10.1902/jop.1982.53.12.743. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fauci A. S., Pratt K. R. Activation of human B lymphocytes. I. Direct plaque-forming cell assay for the measurement of polyclonal activation and antigenic stimulation of human B lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1976 Sep 1;144(3):674–684. doi: 10.1084/jem.144.3.674. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fauci A. S., Pratt K. R., Whalen G. Activation of human B lymphocytes. VIII. Differential radiosensitivity of subpopulations of lymphoid cells involved in the polyclonally-induced PFC responses of peripheral blood B lymphocytes. Immunology. 1978 Nov;35(5):715–720. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Geha R. S. Regulation of human B cell activation. Immunol Rev. 1979;45:275–305. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1979.tb00281.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kaplan M. E., Clark C. An improved rosetting assay for detection of human T lymphocytes. J Immunol Methods. 1974 Jul;5(2):131–135. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(74)90003-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kiger R. D., Wright W. H., Creamer H. R. The significance of lymphocyte transformation responses to various microbial stimulants. J Periodontol. 1974 Nov;45(11):780–785. doi: 10.1902/jop.1974.45.11.780. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kotzin B. L., Benike C. J., Engleman E. G. Induction of immunoglobulin-secreting cells in the allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction: regulation by helper and suppressor lymphocyte subsets in man. J Immunol. 1981 Sep;127(3):931–935. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mackler B. F., Waldrop T. C., Schur P., Robertson P. B., Levy B. M. IgG subclasses in human periodontal disease. I. Distribution and incidence of IgG subclass bearing lymphocytes and plasma cells. J Periodontal Res. 1978 Mar;13(2):109–119. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1978.tb00159.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mangan D. F., Laughon B. E., Bower B., Lopatin D. E. In vitro lymphocyte blastogenic responses and titers of humoral antibodies from periodontitis patients to oral spirochete isolates. Infect Immun. 1982 Aug;37(2):445–451. doi: 10.1128/iai.37.2.445-451.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Page R. C., Schroeder H. E. Current status of the host response in chronic marginal periodontitis. J Periodontol. 1981 Sep;52(9):477–491. doi: 10.1902/jop.1981.52.9.477. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ranney R. R., Yanni N. R., Burmeister J. A., Tew J. G. Relationship between attachment loss and precipitating serum antibody to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in adolescents and young adults having severe periodontal destruction. J Periodontol. 1982 Jan;53(1):1–7. doi: 10.1902/jop.1982.53.1.1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rosenberg Y. J. Isotype-specific T cell regulation of immunoglobulin expression. Immunol Rev. 1982;67:33–58. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1982.tb01054.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Siegal F. P., Siegal M. Enhancement by irradiated T cells of human plasma cell production: dissection of helper and suppressor functions in vitro. J Immunol. 1977 Feb;118(2):642–647. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Singer A., Asano Y., Shigeta M., Hathcock K. S., Ahmed A., Fathman C. G., Hodes R. J. Distinct B cell subpopulations differ in their genetic requirements for activation by T helper cells. Immunol Rev. 1982;64:137–160. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1982.tb00422.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith S., Bick P. H., Miller G. A., Ranney R. R., Rice P. L., Lalor J. H., Tew J. G. Polyclonal B-cell activation: severe periodontal disease in young adults. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1980 Jul;16(3):354–366. doi: 10.1016/0090-1229(80)90141-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Socransky S. S. Microbiology of periodontal disease -- present status and future considerations. J Periodontol. 1977 Sep;48(9):497–504. doi: 10.1902/jop.1977.48.9.497. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tew J. G., Miller G. A., Greene E. J., Rice P. L., Jordan W. P., Palcanis K. G., Ranney R. R. Immunological studies of young adults with severe periodontitis. II. Cellular factors. J Periodontal Res. 1981 Jul;16(4):403–416. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1981.tb00991.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tew J. G., Ranney R. R., Donaldson S. L. Blastogenic responsiveness in periodontally healthy subjects. Evidence for mitogenic activity in oral bacteria. J Periodontal Res. 1982 Sep;17(5):466–468. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1982.tb02028.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Waldmann T. A., Broder S. Polyclonal B-cell activators in the study of the regulation of immunoglobulin synthesis in the human system. Adv Immunol. 1982;32:1–63. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60720-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wysocki L. J., Sato V. L. "Panning" for lymphocytes: a method for cell selection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Jun;75(6):2844–2848. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.6.2844. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]