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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2008 Sep 23;33(10):1411–1418. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.08.005

Fig.1. Insulin induces social withdrawal.

Fig.1

After a 12 h fast, C57BL/6J mice were administered either insulin (Insulin) or saline control (Saline) IP as indicated. Social exploration was measured at 0, 0.75, 2, 4, and 8 h after insulin delivery. Unrestricted access to food was provided after the 0.75 time point. Results are expressed as percentages of the baseline measurement, means ± SEM; n=3, *P <0.05, **P <0.001 Insulin vs. Saline.