Skip to main content
Journal of Clinical Microbiology logoLink to Journal of Clinical Microbiology
. 1994 Aug;32(8):1908–1910. doi: 10.1128/jcm.32.8.1908-1910.1994

Gas-liquid chromatography of cellular fatty acids for identification of staphylococci.

L Stoakes 1, M A John 1, R Lannigan 1, B C Schieven 1, M Ramos 1, D Harley 1, Z Hussain 1
PMCID: PMC263901  PMID: 7989541

Abstract

A commercially available, computer-assisted microbial identification system (MIS) employs gas-liquid chromatographic analyses of bacterial fatty acids. The MIS was used to identify 470 isolates of Staphylococcus species. The accuracy of the MIS was compared with the accuracies of conventional methods. There was a complete agreement between the MIS and conventional methods in the identification of 413 (87.8%) strains. For 36 of 45 misidentified strains, the correct identification was listed by the MIS as a choice but not as the first choice. Twelve strains could not be matched. All strains of Staphylococcus cohnii, S. epidermidis, S. intermedius, S. lugdunensis, S. schleiferi, S. sciuri, S. simulans, and S. xylosus were correctly identified. Two species, S. hominis and S. saprophyticus, accounted for 52.6% (30 of 57) of the misidentifications. Seventy-eight organisms were retested. Identification of 73 organisms remained unchanged, and for five organisms, the second choice became first and vice versa. The overall performance of the MIS is acceptable, and the system can be used as an alternate identification method for staphylococci.

Full text

PDF
1908

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Baddour L. M., Christensen G. D. Prosthetic valve endocarditis due to small-colony staphylococcal variants. Rev Infect Dis. 1987 Nov-Dec;9(6):1168–1174. doi: 10.1093/clinids/9.6.1168. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Crouch S. F., Pearson T. A., Parham D. M. Comparison of modified Minitek system with Staph-Ident system for species identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci. J Clin Microbiol. 1987 Sep;25(9):1626–1628. doi: 10.1128/jcm.25.9.1626-1628.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Ghanem F. M., Ridpath A. C., Moore W. E., Moore L. V. Identification of Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium argentinense, and related organisms by cellular fatty acid analysis. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Jun;29(6):1114–1124. doi: 10.1128/jcm.29.6.1114-1124.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Giger O., Charilaou C. C., Cundy K. R. Comparison of the API Staph-Ident and DMS Staph-Trac systems with conventional methods used for the identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci. J Clin Microbiol. 1984 Jan;19(1):68–72. doi: 10.1128/jcm.19.1.68-72.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Hall S. L. Coagulase-negative staphylococcal infections in neonates. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1991 Jan;10(1):57–67. doi: 10.1097/00006454-199101000-00012. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Kamme C., Lindberg L. Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in deep infections after total hip arthroplasty: differential diagnosis between infectious and non-infectious loosening. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1981 Jan-Feb;(154):201–207. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Kloos W. E., George C. G. Identification of Staphylococcus species and subspecies with the MicroScan Pos ID and Rapid Pos ID panel systems. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Apr;29(4):738–744. doi: 10.1128/jcm.29.4.738-744.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kloos W. E., Wolfshohl J. F. Identification of Staphylococcus species with the API STAPH-IDENT system. J Clin Microbiol. 1982 Sep;16(3):509–516. doi: 10.1128/jcm.16.3.509-516.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kotilainen P., Huovinen P., Eerola E. Application of gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of cellular fatty acids for species identification and typing of coagulase-negative staphylococci. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Feb;29(2):315–322. doi: 10.1128/jcm.29.2.315-322.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Nafziger D. A., Wenzel R. P. Coagulase-negative staphylococci. Epidemiology, evaluation, and therapy. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1989 Dec;3(4):915–929. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. O'Donnell A. G., Nahaie M. R., Goodfellow M., Minnikin D. E., Hájek V. Numerical analysis of fatty acid profiles in the identification of staphylococci. J Gen Microbiol. 1985 Aug;131(8):2023–2033. doi: 10.1099/00221287-131-8-2023. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Patrick C. C. Coagulase-negative staphylococci: pathogens with increasing clinical significance. J Pediatr. 1990 Apr;116(4):497–507. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81593-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Pfaller M. A., Herwaldt L. A. Laboratory, clinical, and epidemiological aspects of coagulase-negative staphylococci. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1988 Jul;1(3):281–299. doi: 10.1128/cmr.1.3.281. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ruoff K. L., Ferraro M. J., Jerz M. E., Kissling J. Automated identification of gram-positive bacteria. J Clin Microbiol. 1982 Dec;16(6):1091–1095. doi: 10.1128/jcm.16.6.1091-1095.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Sattler F. R., Foderaro J. B., Aber R. C. Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteremia associated with vascular catheters: an important cause of febrile morbidity in hospitalized patients. Infect Control. 1984 Jun;5(6):279–283. doi: 10.1017/s0195941700060331. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Schleifer K. H., Kloos W. E. A simple test system for the separation of staphylococci from micrococci. J Clin Microbiol. 1975 Mar;1(3):337–338. doi: 10.1128/jcm.1.3.337-338.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Schleifer K. H., Kroppenstedt R. M. Chemical and molecular classification of staphylococci. Soc Appl Bacteriol Symp Ser. 1990;19:9S–24S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01794.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Stager C. E., Davis J. R. Automated systems for identification of microorganisms. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1992 Jul;5(3):302–327. doi: 10.1128/cmr.5.3.302. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Stoakes L., Kelly T., Schieven B., Harley D., Ramos M., Lannigan R., Groves D., Hussain Z. Gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of cellular fatty acids for identification of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Nov;29(11):2636–2638. doi: 10.1128/jcm.29.11.2636-2638.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Stoakes L., Schieven B. C., Ofori E., Ewan P., Lannigan R., Hussain Z. Evaluation of MicroScan Rapid Pos Combo panels for identification of staphylococci. J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Jan;30(1):93–95. doi: 10.1128/jcm.30.1.93-95.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Wade J. C., Schimpff S. C., Newman K. A., Wiernik P. H. Staphylococcus epidermidis: an increasing cause of infection in patients with granulocytopenia. Ann Intern Med. 1982 Oct;97(4):503–508. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-97-4-503. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES