Abstract
From November 1997 to April 1998, 1,601 clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were obtained from 34 U.S. medical centers. The overall rate of strains showing resistance to penicillin was 29. 5%, with 17.4% having intermediate resistance. Multidrug resistance, defined as lack of susceptibility to penicillin and at least two other non-ss-lactam classes of antimicrobial drugs, was observed in 16.0% of isolates. Resistance to all 10 ss-lactam drugs examined in this study was directly related to the level of penicillin resistance. Penicillin resistance rates were highest in isolates from middle ear fluid and sinus aspirates of children ambulatory-care settings. Twenty-four of the 34 medical centers in this study had participated in a similar study 3 years before. In 19 of these 24 centers, penicillin resistance rates increased 2.9% to 39.2%. Similar increases were observed with rates of resistance to other antimicrobial drugs.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (92.1 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Barry A. L., Pfaller M. A., Fuchs P. C., Packer R. R. In vitro activities of 12 orally administered antimicrobial agents against four species of bacterial respiratory pathogens from U.S. Medical Centers in 1992 and 1993. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1994 Oct;38(10):2419–2425. doi: 10.1128/aac.38.10.2419. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Doern G. V., Pfaller M. A., Kugler K., Freeman J., Jones R. N. Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among respiratory tract isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in North America: 1997 results from the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program. Clin Infect Dis. 1998 Oct;27(4):764–770. doi: 10.1086/514953. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hill H. W. The Saloon and the Health Officer. Am J Public Hygiene. 1910 Feb;20(1):5.1–7.1. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Houston B. K., Babyak M. A., Chesney M. A., Black G., Ragland D. R. Social dominance and 22-year all-cause mortality in men. Psychosom Med. 1997 Jan-Feb;59(1):5–12. doi: 10.1097/00006842-199701000-00002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jamin M., Hakenbeck R., Frere J. M. Penicillin binding protein 2x as a major contributor to intrinsic beta-lactam resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae. FEBS Lett. 1993 Sep 27;331(1-2):101–104. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(93)80305-e. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jones R. N., Pfaller M. A., Doern G. V. Comparative antimicrobial activity of trovafloxacin tested against 3049 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from the 1997-1998 respiratory infection season. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1998 Oct;32(2):119–126. doi: 10.1016/s0732-8893(98)00072-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jorgensen J. H., Doern G. V., Maher L. A., Howell A. W., Redding J. S. Antimicrobial resistance among respiratory isolates of Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1990 Nov;34(11):2075–2080. doi: 10.1128/aac.34.11.2075. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Spika J. S., Facklam R. R., Plikaytis B. D., Oxtoby M. J. Antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States, 1979-1987. The Pneumococcal Surveillance Working Group. J Infect Dis. 1991 Jun;163(6):1273–1278. doi: 10.1093/infdis/163.6.1273. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sutcliffe J., Tait-Kamradt A., Wondrack L. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes resistant to macrolides but sensitive to clindamycin: a common resistance pattern mediated by an efflux system. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Aug;40(8):1817–1824. doi: 10.1128/aac.40.8.1817. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]