Abstract
The interaction of Freeman polysaccharide of Salmonella typhi with blood and tissues of rabbits was studied by radioimmunoassay. After intravenous injection of 1.0 mg of S. typhi Freeman polysaccharide, a rapid clearance phase (t1/2, 6.0 min) was followed by a slower clearance period (t1/2, 55.2 min). These results suggest first, that the distribution of whole lipopolysaccharide is a function of how the polysaccharides are handled by the host; further, that the O side chain determines how and where lipopolysaccharide is cleared from the circulatory system; and finally, that Freeman polysaccharide regulates the toxicity of lipopolysaccharide by influencing its clearance from blood.
Full text
PDF





Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- BRAUDE A. I., CAREY F. J., SUTHERLAND D., ZALESKY M. Studies with radioactive endotoxin. I. The use of Cr51 to label endotoxin of Escherichia coli. J Clin Invest. 1955 Jun;34(6):850–857. doi: 10.1172/JCI103140. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- BRAUDE A. I., CAREY F. J., ZALESKY M. Studies with radioactive endotoxin. II. Correlation of physiologic effects with distribution of radioactivity in rabbits injected with radioactive sodium chromate. J Clin Invest. 1955 Jun;34(6):858–866. doi: 10.1172/JCI103141. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- CAREY F. J., BRAUDE A. I., ZALESKY M. Studies with radioactive endotoxin. III. The effect of tolerance on the distribution of radioactivity after intravenous injection of Escherichia coli endotoxin labeled with Cr51. J Clin Invest. 1958 Mar;37(3):441–457. doi: 10.1172/JCI103624. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cooper N. R., Morrison D. C. Binding and activation of the first component of human complement by the lipid A region of lipopolysaccharides. J Immunol. 1978 Jun;120(6):1862–1868. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- DiLuzio N. R., Crafton C. G. Influence of altered reticuloendothelial function on vascular clearance and tissue distribution of S. enteritidis endotoxin. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1969 Nov;132(2):686–690. doi: 10.3181/00379727-132-34288. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Freeman G. G. The preparation and properties of a specific polysaccharide from Bact. typhosum Ty(2): With an addendum by J. St L. Philpot, From the Department of Biochemistry, Oxford. Biochem J. 1942 Apr;36(3-4):340–356. doi: 10.1042/bj0360340. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Galanos C., Rietschel E. T., Lüderitz O., Westphal O., Kim Y. B., Watson D. W. Biological activities of lipid A complexed with bovine-serum albumin. Eur J Biochem. 1972 Dec 4;31(2):230–233. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1972.tb02524.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- HERRING W. B., HERION J. C., WALKER R. I., PALMER J. G. Distribution and clearance of circulating endotoxin. J Clin Invest. 1963 Jan;42:79–87. doi: 10.1172/JCI104698. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jones J. M., Amsbaugh D. F., Prescott B. Kinetics of the antibody response to type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III). I. Use of 125I-labeled SSS-III to study serum antibody levels, as well as the distribution and excretion of antigen after immunization. J Immunol. 1976 Jan;116(1):41–51. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lüderitz O., Galanos C., Lehmann V., Nurminen M., Rietschel E. T., Rosenfelder G., Simon M., Westphal O. Lipid A: chemical structure and biological activity. J Infect Dis. 1973 Jul;128(Suppl):17–29. doi: 10.1093/infdis/128.supplement_1.s17. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mathison J. C., Ulevitch R. J., Fletcher J. R., Cochrane C. G. The distribution of lipopolysaccharide in normocomplementemic and C3-depleted rabbits and rhesus monkeys. Am J Pathol. 1980 Nov;101(2):245–264. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mathison J. C., Ulevitch R. J. The clearance, tissue distribution, and cellular localization of intravenously injected lipopolysaccharide in rabbits. J Immunol. 1979 Nov;123(5):2133–2143. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Morrison D. C., Jacobs D. M. Binding of polymyxin B to the lipid A portion of bacterial lipopolysaccharides. Immunochemistry. 1976 Oct;13(10):813–818. doi: 10.1016/0019-2791(76)90181-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- ROWLEY D., HOWARD J. G., JENKIN C. R. The fate of 32P-labelled bacterial lipopolysaccharide in laboratory animals. Lancet. 1956 Apr 7;270(6919):366–367. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(56)90110-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Staub A. M., Girard R. Etude immunochimique sur les Salmonella. Analyse des facteurs 1 des groupes B, E4 et G: leur rapport avec les facteurs 1-12, 19 et 37. Bull Soc Chim Biol (Paris) 1965;47(6):1245–1268. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ulevitch R. J., Johnston A. R. The modification of biophysical and endotoxic properties of bacterial lipopolysaccharides by serum. J Clin Invest. 1978 Dec;62(6):1313–1324. doi: 10.1172/JCI109252. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
