Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Chiropractic Medicine logoLink to Journal of Chiropractic Medicine
. 2003;2(1):16–24. doi: 10.1016/S0899-3467(07)60069-X

Gonstead Chiropractic Technique (GCT)

Robert Cooperstein a,*
PMCID: PMC2646953  PMID: 19674591

The content is available as a PDF (93.0 KB).

References

  • 1.Cox AW. The Gonstead system. American Chiropractor. 1992:38. [Google Scholar]
  • 2.Cox WA. The Gonstead system. American Chiropractor. 1982:68. [Google Scholar]
  • 3.Firczak SW. The Gonstead technique: a review. Today's Chiropractic. 1988:25–26. [Google Scholar]
  • 4.Butler M. Gonstead: 50 years. Today's Chiropractic. 1973:24–26. [Google Scholar]
  • 5.Cox WA. Chiropractic Interprofessional Research. In: Mazzarelli JP, editor. Overview of the Gonstead technique. Offset Olona; Milano, Italy: 1982. pp. 41–46. [Google Scholar]
  • 6.Fernandez PG. The miracle man. Chiropractic Achievers. 1987:41–44. [Google Scholar]
  • 7.Cox WA. The Gonstead technique. Today's Chiropractic. 1986:75+. [Google Scholar]
  • 8.Herbst A. Gonstead chiropractic science and art: the chiropractic methodology of Clarence S. Gonstead. Schichi Publications; Mount Horeb, WI: 1980. [Google Scholar]
  • 9.Harrison DD. Subluxation: a mechanical engineering definition. In: Harrison D, editor. Spinal biomechanics: A chiropractic perspective. Spinal biomechanics; 1992. pp. 11–32. [Google Scholar]
  • 10.Plaugher G. Advances in Chiropractic. In: Lawrence DJ, editor. Specific-contact, short-lever-arm articular procedures: advances in the Gonstead technique. Mosby-Year Book, Inc.; St. Louis, MO: 1994. [Google Scholar]
  • 11.Plaugher G, editor. Textbook of clinical chiropractic: a specific biomechanical approach. Williams & Wilkins; Baltimore, MA: 1993. [Google Scholar]
  • 12.Cremata EE, Plaugher G, Cox WA. Technique system application: the Gonstead approach. Chiropr Technique. 1991;3:19–25. [Google Scholar]
  • 13.Cox WA. Interview [with W. Alex Cox] American Chiropractor. 1984:15–20. [Google Scholar]
  • 14.Staff. 3 expansions: Dr. C.S. Gonstead celebrates 50 years in chiropractic. Today's Chiropractic. 1973 [Google Scholar]
  • 15.Plaugher G. Skin temperature assessment for neuromusculoskeletal abnormalities of the spinal column. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1992;15:365–381. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 16.Blaurock-Busch E. What's new at Gonstead? An exclusive interview with Drs. Alex and Doug Cox, Mt. Horeb, WI and Dr. Juan Ferry, South Weymouth M.A. Digest of Chiropractic Economics 1984. p. 69.
  • 17.Firczak SW. A review of the Gonstead technique. Today's Chiropractic. 1987:57–59. [Google Scholar]
  • 18.Troxell JL. An expansion to the Gonstead listing system. Digest of Chiropractic Economics. 1984:130. [Google Scholar]
  • 19.Nansel DD, Jansen RD. Concordance between galvanic skin response and spinal palpation findings in pain-free males [see comments] J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1988;11:267–272. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 20.Plaugher G, Haas M, Doble RW, Lopes MA, Cremata EE, Lantz C. The interexaminer reliability of a galvanic skin response intrument. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1993;16:453–459. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 21.Firczak SW. Innovations in the Gonstead technique. Today's Chiropractic. 1990:46–49. [Google Scholar]
  • 22.Plaugher G, Lopes MA. The knee-chest table: indications and contraindications. Chiropr Tech. 1990;2:163–167. [Google Scholar]
  • 23.Clemen M. The advantages of the cervical chair technique. Today's Chiropractic. 1989:74–77. [Google Scholar]
  • 24.Plaugher G, Alcantara J, Hart CR. Management of the patient with a chance fracture of the lumbar spine and concomitant subluxation. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1996;19:539. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 25.Alcantara J, Plaugher G, Abblett DE. Management of a patient with a lamina fracture of the sixth cervical vertebra and concomitant subluxation. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1997;20:113–123. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 26.Plaugher G, Alcantara J, Doble RW. Missed sacral fracture prior to adustment. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1996;19:480. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 27.Phillips RB. An evaluation of the graphic analysis of the pelvis on the A-P full spine radiograph. ACA J Chiropr. 1975;9:s139–s148. [Google Scholar]
  • 28.Plaugher G, Hendricks AH. The interand intraexaminer reliability of the Gonstead pelvic marking system. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1991;14:503–508. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 29.Burk JM, Rhudy TR, Ratliff CR. Interand intra-examiner agreement using Gonstead line marking methods. Am J Chiropr Med. 1990;3:114–117. [Google Scholar]
  • 30.Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Troyanovich SJ. Reliability of spinal displacement analysis of plain X-rays: a review of commonly accepted facts and fallacies with implications for chiropractic education and technique. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1998;21:252–266. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 31.Plaugher G, Hendricks AH, Doble RW, Bachman TR, Araghi HJ, Hoffart VM. The reliability of patient positioning for evaluating static radiologic parameters of the human pelvis. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1993;16:517–522. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 32.Specht DL, De Boer KF. Anatomical leg length inequality, scoliosis and lordotic curve in unselected clinic patients. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1991;14:368–375. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 33.Schram SB, Hosek RS, Silverman HL. Spinographic positioning errors in Gonstead pelvic x-ray analysis. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1981;4:179–181. [Google Scholar]
  • 34.Hildebrandt RW. Chiropractic Spinography. 2nd ed. Williams & Wilkins; Baltimore, MD: 1985. [Google Scholar]
  • 35.Harrison D. The pelvic listings of EX-IN, AS-IN, and PI-EX are figments of your “projected” imagination. Am J Clinical Chiropr. 1993;3:18. [Google Scholar]
  • 36.Jeffery KR. X-ray analysis of differential leg length & pelvic distortion. Anglo-European College of Chiropractic dissertation; 1981.
  • 37.Cooperstein R. Proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference on Research and Education. Consortium for Chiropractic Research; Palm Springs, CA: 1992. Roentgenometric assessment of innominate vertical length differentials; pp. 273–277. [Google Scholar]
  • 38.Cooperstein R. Proceedings of the 5th Annual Conference on Research and Education. Consortium for Chiropractic Research; Sacramento, CA: 1990. Innominate vertical length differentials as a function of pelvic torsion and pelvic carrying angle; pp. 1–14. [Google Scholar]
  • 39.Zengel F, Davis BP. Biomechanical analysis by chiropractic radiography: part I. A simple method for determining x-ray projectional distortion. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1988;11:273–280. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 40.Zengel F, Davis BP. Biomechanical analysis by chiropractic radiography: part II. Effects of x-ray projectional distortion on apparent vertebral rotation. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 1988;11(5):469–473. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 41.Zengel F, Davis BP. Biomechanical analysis by chiropractic radiography: Part III. Lack of effect of projectional distortion on Gonstead vertebral endplate lines. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1988;11:469–473. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 42.Nansel DD, Jansen RD. Concordance between galvanic skin response and spinal palpation findings in pain-free males. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1988;11:267–272. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 43.Plaugher G, Lopes MA, Melch PE, Cremata EE. The interand intraexaminer reliability of a paraspinal skin temperature differential instrument. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1991;14:361–367. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 44.Kawchuk GN, Herzog W. Biomechanical characterization (fingerprinting) of five novel methods of cervical spine manipulation. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1993;16:573–577. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 45.Hood RP. Blood pressure: results in 75 abnormal cases. Digest of Chiropractic Economics. 1974:36–38. [Google Scholar]
  • 46.Plaugher G, Bachman TR. Chiropractic management of a hypertensive patient. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1993;16:544–549. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 47.Nansel D, Jansen R, Cremata E, Dhami MSI, Holley D. Effects of cervical adjustments on lateral-flexion end-range asymmetry and on blood pressure, heart rate and plasma catecholamine levels. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1991;14:450–456. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 48.Alcantara J, Heschong R, Plaugher G. Chiropractic management of a patient with subluxations, low back pain and epileptic seizures. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1998;21:410–418. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 49.Alcantara J, Plaugher G, Klemp DD, Salem C. Chiropractic care of a patient with temporomandibular disorder and atlas subluxation. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2002;25:63–70. doi: 10.1067/mmt.2002.120415. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 50.Alcantara J, Steiner DM, Plaugher G. Chiropractic management of a patient with myasthenia gravis and vertebral subluxations. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1999;22:333–340. doi: 10.1016/s0161-4754(99)70066-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 51.Plaugher G, Long CR, Alcantara J, Silveus AD, Wood H, Lotun K. Practice-based randomized controlled-comparison clinical trial of chiropractic adjustments and brief massage treatment at sites of subluxation in subjects with essential hypertension: pilot study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2002;25:221–239. doi: 10.1067/mmt.2002.123171. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 52.Plaugher G, Cremata EE, Phillips RB. A retrospective consecutive case analysis of pretreatment and comparative static radiological parameters following chiropractic adjustments. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1990;13:498–506. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 53.Nansel D, Cremata E, Carlson J, Szlazak M. Effect of unilateral adjustments on goniometrically-assessed cervical lateral-flexion end-range asymmetries in otherwise asymptomatic subjects. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1989;12:419–427. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 54.Nansel D, Peneff A, Cremata E, Carlson J. Time course considerations for the effects of unilateral lower cervical adjustments with respect to the amelioration of cervical lateral-flexion passive end-range asymmetry. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1990;13:297–304. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 55.Nansel D, Peneff A, Quitoriano J. Effectiveness of upper versus lower cervical adjustments with respect to the amelioration of passive rotational versus lateral-flexion end-range asymmetries in otherwise asymptomatic subjects. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1992;15:99–105. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 56.Alcantara J, Plaugher G, Thornton RE, Salem C. Chiropractic care of a patient with vertebral subluxations and unsuccessful surgery of the cervical spine. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2001;24:477–482. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 57.Lantz CA, Chen J. Effect of chiropractic intervention on small scoliotic curves in younger subjects: a time-series cohort design. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2001;24:385–393. doi: 10.1067/mmt.2001.116419. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 58.Vear HJ. Introduction to Chiropractic Science. Western States Chiropractic College; 1981. [Google Scholar]
  • 59.Rhudy T, Sandefur RM, Burk JM. Interexaminer/intertechnique reliability in spinal subluxation assessment: a multifactorial approach. Am J Chiropr Med. 1988;1:111–114. [Google Scholar]
  • 60.Jansen RD, Nansel DD. Diagnostic illusions: the reliability of random chance. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1988;11:355–365. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 61.Bogduk N. The anatomical basis for spinal pain syndromes. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1995;18:603–605. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 62.Taylor JA. Full-spine radiography: a review. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1993;16:460–474. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 63.Perle SM. Technique system overview: Applied Kinesiology (AK) Chiropr Technique. 1995;7:103–107. [Google Scholar]
  • 64.Schneider M. Receptor-tonus technique assessment. Chiropr Technique. 1994;6:156–159. [Google Scholar]
  • 65.Filson RM, Johnson G. Technique system overview: Logan system of body mechanics assessment. Chiropr Technique. 1994;6:98–103. [Google Scholar]
  • 66.Cooperstein R. Technique system overview: Chiropractic Biophysics Technique (CBP) Chirop Technique. 1995;7:141–146. [Google Scholar]
  • 67.Cooperstein R. Technique system overview: Thompson Technique. Chiropr Technique. 1995;7:60–63. [Google Scholar]
  • 68.Cooperstein R. Technique system overview: Sacro occipital technique. Chiropr Technique. 1996;8:125–131. [Google Scholar]
  • 69.Cooperstein R. Technique system overview: Activator methods technique. Chiropr Technique. 1997;9:108–114. [Google Scholar]
  • 70.Cooperstein R. Diversified technique: core of chiropractic or ‘just another technique system’? J Chiropr Humanities. 1995:50–55. [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Chiropractic Medicine are provided here courtesy of National University of Health Sciences

RESOURCES