Abstract
Serum samples from 20 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)- and 30 HIV-2-infected and 7 dually infected individuals were reacted by using the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and membrane fluorescence assay in order to determine whether these methods were useful for typing HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies. Although 41 of 50 (82%) of the HIV-1- and HIV-2-positive specimens cross-reacted to some extent with the heterologous antigen in the IFA, the antigen with the higher titer correlated completely with the infecting type. The IFA could not distinguish single from dual infections, however. In contrast, only 4 of the 50 (8%) serum samples cross-reacted in the membrane fluorescence test. All seven of the specimens from patients with mixed infections reacted with both antigens. The membrane fluorescence test appears to be reliable for serodifferentiation of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections and may be useful for laboratories with low-volume typing requirements.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Gallo D., Diggs J. L., Shell G. R., Dailey P. J., Hoffman M. N., Riggs J. L. Comparison of detection of antibody to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome virus by enzyme immunoassay, immunofluorescence, and Western blot methods. J Clin Microbiol. 1986 Jun;23(6):1049–1051. doi: 10.1128/jcm.23.6.1049-1051.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gallo D., Penning L. M., Hanson C. V. Detection and differentiation of antibodies to human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I and II by the immunofluorescence method. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Oct;29(10):2345–2347. doi: 10.1128/jcm.29.10.2345-2347.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gallo D., Schmidt N. J. Comparison of anticomplement immunofluorescence and fluorescent antibody-to-membrane antigen tests for determination of immunity status to varicella-zoster virus and for serodifferentiation of varicella-zoster and herpes simplex virus infections. J Clin Microbiol. 1981 Nov;14(5):539–543. doi: 10.1128/jcm.14.5.539-543.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jackson J. B. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 antigen and culture assays. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1990 Mar;114(3):249–253. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Parekh B. S., Pau C. P., Granade T. C., Rayfield M., De Cock K. M., Gayle H., Schochetman G., George J. R. Oligomeric nature of transmembrane glycoproteins of HIV-2: procedures for their efficient dissociation and preparation of Western blots for diagnosis. AIDS. 1991 Aug;5(8):1009–1013. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sazama K., Kuramoto I. K., Holland P. V., Couroucé A. M., Gallo D., Hanson C. V. Detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) in blood donor sera using United States assay methods for anti-HIV type 1. Transfusion. 1992 Jun;32(5):398–401. doi: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1992.32592327710.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zaia J. A., Oxman M. N. Antibody to varicella-zoster virus-induced membrane antigen: immunofluorescence assay using monodisperse glutaraldehyde-fixed target cells. J Infect Dis. 1977 Oct;136(4):519–530. doi: 10.1093/infdis/136.4.519. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]