Modulation of microglial pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic activity for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease

Bin Liu

doi:10.1208/aapsj080369

. 2006 Sep 29;8(3):E606–E621. doi: 10.1208/aapsj080369

Modulation of microglial pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic activity for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease

Bin Liu ^1,^✉

PMCID: PMC2668934 NIHMSID: NIHMS100384 PMID: 17025278

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating movement disorder resulting from a progressive degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway and depletion of neurotransmitter dopamine in the striatum. Molecular cloning studies have identified nearly a dozen genes or loci that are associated with small clusters of mostly early onset and genetic forms of PD. The etiology of the vast majority of PD cases remains unknown, and the precise molecular and biochemical processes governing the selective and progressive degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway are poorly understood. Current drug therapies for PD are symptomatic and appear to bear little effect on the progressive neurodegenerative process. Studies of postmortem PD brains and various cellular and animal models of PD in the last 2 decades strongly suggest that the generation of proinflammatory and neurotoxic factors by the resident brain immune cells, microglia, plays a prominent role in mediating the progressive neurodegenerative process. This review discusses literature supporting the possibility of modulating the activity of microglia as a neuroprotective strategy for the treatment of PD.

Keywords: Dopamine neuron, Parkinson’s disease, movement disorder, microglia, neuroprotection, free radical

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Modulation of microglial pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic activity for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease

Bin Liu

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Modulation of microglial pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic activity for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease

Bin Liu

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