Abstract
Four commonly used end-line filters, one with a charge-modified hydrophilic nylon filter (ELD96; Pall Biomedical Ltd., Portsmouth, United Kingdom), one with an unmodified nylon filter (FAE020; Pall Biomedical), and two with hydrophilic cellulose ester filters (Ivex-HP, Millipore Corp., Bedford, Mass.; Sterifix, Braun-Gelman, Brussels, Belgium), were evaluated for their endotoxin-removing capacity in saline and 5% glucose. Natural endotoxins derived from Escherichia coli 8739 and the lipopolysaccharide mutant Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA220-R2 and a purified E. coli serotype O111:B4 lipopolysaccharide preparation were used to challenge the four end-line filters. No endotoxin-removing capacity was observed for the Ivex-HP and Sterifix filters. Both the FAE020 and the ELD96 end-line filters showed excellent endotoxin-eliminating capacities in 5% glucose. Increasing the NaCl concentration in 5% glucose, however, greatly reduced the endotoxin-removing efficiency of especially the ELD96 filter for the purified E. coli lipopolysaccharide preparation. Obviously, both the nature of the endotoxin and the ionic strength of the solution had a major influence on the endotoxin end-line filtering efficiency.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Amano K., Fukushi K. Chemical and ultrastructural comparison of endotoxins extracted from Salmonella minnesota wild type and R mutants. Microbiol Immunol. 1984;28(2):149–159. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1984.tb00666.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Baumgartner T. G., Schmidt G. L., Thakker K. M., Sitren H. S., Cerda J. J., Mahaffey S. M., Copeland E. M., 3rd Bacterial endotoxin retention by inline intravenous filters. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1986 Mar;43(3):681–684. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chen Y. H., Hancock R. E., Mishell R. I. Mitogenic effects of purified outer membrane proteins from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infect Immun. 1980 Apr;28(1):178–184. doi: 10.1128/iai.28.1.178-184.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- De Muynck C., De Vroe C., Remon J. P., Colardyn F. Binding of drugs to end-line filters: a study of four commonly administered drugs in intensive care units. J Clin Pharm Ther. 1988 Oct;13(5):335–340. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.1988.tb00202.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harrigan C. A. Care and cost-justification of final filtration. NITA. 1985 Sep-Oct;8(5):426–430. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Holmes C. J., Kundsin R. B., Ausman R. K., Walter C. W. Potential hazards associated with microbial contamination of in-line filters during intravenous therapy. J Clin Microbiol. 1980 Dec;12(6):725–731. doi: 10.1128/jcm.12.6.725-731.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Morrison D. C., Duncan R. L., Jr, Goodman S. A. In vivo biological activities of endotoxin. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1985;189:81–99. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rusmin S., DeLuca P. P. Effect of antibiotics and osmotic change on the release of endotoxin by bacteria retained on intravenous inline filters. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1975 Apr;32(4):378–380. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sweadner K. J., Forte M., Nelsen L. L. Filtration removal of endotoxin (pyrogens) in solution in different states of aggregation. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1977 Oct;34(4):382–385. doi: 10.1128/aem.34.4.382-385.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vanhaecke E., Pijck J. Determination of endotoxins on hypodermic needles by means of a chromogenic Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay. Development of a test model. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg B. 1986 Oct;182(5-6):537–550. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]