Abstract
Sera from 339 adult febrile patients in Pakistan were tested for antibodies to Salmonella typhi lipopolysaccharide by indirect immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and IgM capture ELISA. A total of 55 patients had S. typhi cultured from their blood, 20 had S. typhi cultured from their stool, 24 were blood or stool culture positive for S. paratyphi A, 41 were culture negative but clinically diagnosed as having enteric fever, 41 had gastrointestinal or urinary tract infections, 41 were clinically diagnosed as having malaria, 20 were smear-positive patients with malaria, 58 had respiratory infections, and the remaining 39 individuals were placed in a miscellaneous group who did not have Salmonella infection. The sensitivities of the indirect IgG ELISA, indirect IgM ELISA, and IgM capture ELISA determined with specimens obtained from the blood culture-positive patients with typhoid fever (positive controls) were 80, 64, and 62%, respectively. The specificities of the assays determined with sera from the patients with respiratory infections (negative controls) were 95, 95, and 97%, respectively. The percentage of smear-positive patients with malaria who were positive by these assays was lower than that in the negative control group. The percentages of individuals in the other patient categories who were positive by these tests were between those obtained with the positive and negative controls. Of the positive controls, 26 were positive by both IgM assays, 9 were IgM positive only by indirect ELISA, and 8 were IgM positive only by IgM capture ELISA. A total of 70% of the positive control patients who were tested for O agglutinins by the Widal tube agglutination assay were positive; however, 29% of the negative control patients were also positive. The indirect IgG ELISA was the single most effective test for the serodiagnosis of typhoid fever in this population.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Beasley W. J., Joseph S. W., Weiss E. Improved serodiagnosis of Salmonella enteric fevers by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol. 1981 Jan;13(1):106–114. doi: 10.1128/jcm.13.1.106-114.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Briantais M. J., Grangeot-Keros L., Pillot J. Specificity and sensitivity of the IgM capture immunoassay: studies of possible factors inducing false positive or false negative results. J Virol Methods. 1984 Aug;9(1):15–26. doi: 10.1016/0166-0934(84)90079-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Calderón I., Lobos S. R., Rojas H. A., Palomino C., Rodríguez L. H., Mora G. C. Antibodies to porin antigens of Salmonella typhi induced during typhoid infection in humans. Infect Immun. 1986 Apr;52(1):209–212. doi: 10.1128/iai.52.1.209-212.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gut J. P., Spiess C., Schmitt S., Kirn A. Rapid diagnosis of acute mumps infection by a direct immunoglobulin M antibody capture enzyme immunoassay with labeled antigen. J Clin Microbiol. 1985 Mar;21(3):346–352. doi: 10.1128/jcm.21.3.346-352.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hoffman S. L., Edman D. C., Punjabi N. H., Lesmana M., Cholid A., Sundah S., Harahap J. Bone marrow aspirate culture superior to streptokinase clot culture and 8 ml 1:10 blood-to-broth ratio blood culture for diagnosis of typhoid fever. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1986 Jul;35(4):836–839. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1986.35.836. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Levine M. M., Grados O., Gilman R. H., Woodward W. E., Solis-Plaza R., Waldman W. Diagnostic value of the Widal test in areas endemic for typhoid fever. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1978 Jul;27(4):795–800. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1978.27.795. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nardiello S., Pizzella T., Migliaresi S., Galanti B. Performance characteristics of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of immunoglobulin M anti-Salmonella typhi lipopolysaccharide antibodies. Boll Ist Sieroter Milan. 1985;64(2):155–159. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nardiello S., Pizzella T., Russo M., Galanti B. ELISA determination of IgM anti-LPS in the early phase of typhoid fever. Boll Ist Sieroter Milan. 1983 Sep 30;62(4):372–375. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nardiello S., Pizzella T., Russo M., Galanti B. Serodiagnosis of typhoid fever by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay determination of anti-Salmonella typhi lipopolysaccharide antibodies. J Clin Microbiol. 1984 Oct;20(4):718–721. doi: 10.1128/jcm.20.4.718-721.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sakata H., Tsurudome M., Hishiyama M., Ito Y., Sugiura A. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for mumps IgM antibody: comparison of IgM capture and indirect IgM assay. J Virol Methods. 1985 Dec;12(3-4):303–311. doi: 10.1016/0166-0934(85)90141-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sarasombath S., Banchuin N., Sukosol T., Rungpitarangsi B., Manasatit S. Systemic and intestinal immunities after natural typhoid infection. J Clin Microbiol. 1987 Jun;25(6):1088–1093. doi: 10.1128/jcm.25.6.1088-1093.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sippel J. E., Hanafy H. M., Diab A. S., Prato C., Arroyo R. Serodiagnosis of typhoid fever in paediatric patients by anti-LPS ELISA. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1987;81(6):1022–1026. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(87)90386-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tsang R. S., Chau P. Y., Lam S. K., La Brooy J. T., Rowley D. Antibody response to the lipopolysaccharide and protein antigens of Salmonella typhi during typhoid infection. I. Measurement of serum antibodies by radioimmunoassay. Clin Exp Immunol. 1981 Dec;46(3):508–514. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]