Table 2.

Tumour markers in detection of pancreatobiliary versus intestinal histological type of differentiation in pancreatic head adenocarcinomas

	Histological type
	Pancreatobiliary		Intestinal
	Pos	Neg	Pos	Neg	Sensitivity, %	Specificity, %	P-value*	PPV (%)	95% CI
Pancreatobiliary markers
CK7	65	2	33	13	97	28	<0.001	66	[56–75%]
MUC1	32	33	9	37	49	80	0.001	78	[62–89%]
MUC4	23	44	4	42	34	91	0.002	85	[65–95%]
Intestinal markers
CK20	17	48	31	15	67	74	<0.001	65	[49–77%]
MUC2	1	64	6	40	13	98	0.020	86	[42–99%]
CDX2	10	57	25	21	54	85	<0.001	71	[53–85%]

PPV, Positive predictive value (i.e. the probability of obtaining a true positive test result); CI, Confidence interval; Pos, Immunopositivity; Neg, Immunonegativity (any nuclear reactivity was considered a positive sample for CDX2, whereas cytoplasmic reactivity in >10% of tumour cells defined a positive sample for the remaining markers); CK, Cytokeratin.

^*Fisher’s exact test, P-value for each marker versus the histological type determined morphologically.