Changes in TBI (A) and T4 (B) levels after three vs. two immunizations. Aire −/−, +/+, and +/+ mice were untreated (no Pre-Tx) before A-subunit Ad immunization (A and B, left section) or depleted of Treg using antibodies (see Materials and Methods) before immunization (A and B, right section). The change in TBI or T4 (delta) was calculated as the difference between the values for each individual animal after three immunizations minus the value after two immunizations. Values are presented as the mean + sem. The number of mice in each group is: untreated Aire+/+ (n = 9), Aire +/+ (n = 10), and Aire −/− (n = 10); and Treg-depleted Aire+/+ (n = 14), Aire+/− (n = 18), and Aire −/− (n = 11). Values are significantly different: *, P < 0.001 (rank sum) (A); **, P = 0.006 (t test) (A); #, P = 0.046 (B); *, P = 0.019 (B) (t tests).