Abstract
A total of 132 fecal specimens containing verotoxin (VT) were subjected to counter-current immunoelectrophoresis (CIE). Of these, 113 (85.6%) were found to be positive by CIE. Another 71 stool specimens containing E. coli serogroup O157 but with flagellar antigens other than H7 were tested for verotoxin by CIE. These stool specimens were negative for VT on Vero cell monolayers. Of these 71 stool specimens, 6 (8.5%) gave positive tests for verotoxin by CIE. Forty stool specimen filtrates which were negative for VT (negative controls) were also subjected to CIE. One of these stool specimen filtrates gave a line of precipitation by CIE. The specificity of the CIE test was 93.7%, and the sensitivity was 85.6%. False-positive results may have been due to an antibody component against the somatic antigen (O157) in the antitoxin used; this is a limitation of the CIE test. In a related evaluation, 302 stool specimen filtrates containing VT were retested with Vero cell suspension cultures in microdilution plates. Of these, 281 stool specimen filtrates showed cytotoxic effects within 24 h, while the remaining 21 filtrates showed the effects within 48 h. The use of Vero cell suspension culture is as reliable as the use of Vero cell monolayers and provides detection of verotoxin 24 to 48 h sooner.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Hammond G. W., Ahluwalia G. S., Klisko B., Hazelton P. R. Human rotavirus detection by counterimmunoelectrophoresis versus enzyme immunoassay and electron microscopy after direct ultracentrifugation. J Clin Microbiol. 1984 Mar;19(3):439–441. doi: 10.1128/jcm.19.3.439-441.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Johnson W. M., Lior H., Bezanson G. S. Cytotoxic Escherichia coli O157:H7 associated with haemorrhagic colitis in Canada. Lancet. 1983 Jan 1;1(8314-5):76–76. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(83)91616-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Karmali M. A., Petric M., Lim C., Cheung R., Arbus G. S. Sensitive method for detecting low numbers of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli in mixed cultures by use of colony sweeps and polymyxin extraction of verotoxin. J Clin Microbiol. 1985 Oct;22(4):614–619. doi: 10.1128/jcm.22.4.614-619.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Karmali M. A., Petric M., Lim C., Fleming P. C., Arbus G. S., Lior H. The association between idiopathic hemolytic uremic syndrome and infection by verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli. J Infect Dis. 1985 May;151(5):775–782. doi: 10.1093/infdis/151.5.775. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Karmali M. A., Petric M., Lim C., Fleming P. C., Steele B. T. Escherichia coli cytotoxin, haemolytic-uraemic syndrome, and haemorrhagic colitis. Lancet. 1983 Dec 3;2(8362):1299–1300. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(83)91167-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maniar A. C., Chubb H., Louie T. J., Williams T. W., Forsyth W., Wilt J. C. Detection of Clostridium difficile toxin with McCoy cell monolayers and cell suspensions and comparison with HeLa cell assay. J Clin Microbiol. 1984 Feb;19(2):294–295. doi: 10.1128/jcm.19.2.294-295.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maniar A. C., Williams T. W., Hammond G. W. Detection of Clostridium difficile toxin in various tissue culture monolayers. J Clin Microbiol. 1987 Oct;25(10):1999–2000. doi: 10.1128/jcm.25.10.1999-2000.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Riley L. W., Remis R. S., Helgerson S. D., McGee H. B., Wells J. G., Davis B. R., Hebert R. J., Olcott E. S., Johnson L. M., Hargrett N. T. Hemorrhagic colitis associated with a rare Escherichia coli serotype. N Engl J Med. 1983 Mar 24;308(12):681–685. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198303243081203. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Spence L., Fauvel M., Petro R., Bloch S. Comparison of Counterimmunoelectrophoresis and electron microscopy for laboratory diagnosis of human reovirus-like agent-associated infantile gastroenteritis. J Clin Microbiol. 1977 Feb;5(2):248–249. doi: 10.1128/jcm.5.2.248-249.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]