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. 2009 Apr 28;58(8):1789–1796. doi: 10.2337/db08-1579

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© 2009 by the American Diabetes Association.

Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.

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FIG. 4. — Graphic representation of the relationship between wheat-induced T-cell response and high-resolution HLA diabetes risk alleles. Box and Whisker plots with individual values for diabetic subjects. Each plot includes the mean (bold line), median (solid thin line), distribution, and range. A: Distribution of T-cell proliferation (CDI) to WP in type 1 diabetic patients with HLA-DRB1*03 and HLA-DRB1*04 or in those heterozygous for HLA-DRB1*03/*04. A CDI value greater than mean + 3 SD of the control group (CDI >14.6, dashed line) was used to define a positive proliferation response. One of the type 1 diabetic patients with HLA-DRB1*03⁺/*04⁻ showed positive responses to WP (○). Type 1 diabetic patients who carried one risk allele HLA-DRB1*04 (10 of 20) or patients who carried both risk genes HLA-DRB1*03/*04 (9 of 12) showed positive reactivity to WP. High-resolution results of HLA-DR are labeled beside each individual. B: Distribution of T-cell proliferation (CDI) to WP in type 1 diabetic patients with HLA-DQB1*02 and HLA-DQB1*03 or in those heterozygous for HLA-DQB1*02/*03. High-resolution analyses for HLA-DQB1*02 and *03 are labeled beside each symbol. ↓ (beside 0201) means all individuals in the column carry HLA-DQB1*0201. (Three of the 42 type 1 diabetic individuals are neither DR3 nor DR4, and therefore they are not included in this figure. One of the seven individuals with DR3/non-DR4 in the left panel is heterozygous for DQ*02/*03 and was therefore placed in the middle column in the right panel [DQ*02*03]. Differences in high-resolution haplotypes between responders and nonresponders were not evaluated statistically because of the small sample size.)