Abstract
Approximately 40% of Escherichia coli strains isolated from clinical specimens at the Institute of Medical Microbiology of the University of Zurich were resistant to kanamycin but susceptible to tobramycin in disk diffusion tests. Whereas 50% of these strains required a MIC of 7 micrograms of tobramycin per ml to inhibit 1 x 10(5) to 4 x 10(5) cells, 20% of them required a concentration of 8 micrograms or more of the drug per ml. The disk diffusion test, therefore, failed to detect resistance to tobramycin in kanamycin-resistant E. coli strains. Cell extracts from two representative strains phosphorylated and inactivated kanamycin, amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, 3',4'-dideoxykanamycin B (dibekacin), butirosin, lividomycin,and ribostamycin, which together constituted a novel spectrum of substrates for the enzymatic activity.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Benveniste R., Davies J. Aminoglycoside antibiotic-inactivating enzymes in actinomycetes similar to those present in clinical isolates of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1973 Aug;70(8):2276–2280. doi: 10.1073/pnas.70.8.2276. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Foster T. J. Plasmid-determined resistance to antimicrobial drugs and toxic metal ions in bacteria. Microbiol Rev. 1983 Sep;47(3):361–409. doi: 10.1128/mr.47.3.361-409.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Neu H. C., Heppel L. A. The release of enzymes from Escherichia coli by osmotic shock and during the formation of spheroplasts. J Biol Chem. 1965 Sep;240(9):3685–3692. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Preheim L. C., Penn R. G., Sanders C. C., Goering R. V., Giger D. K. Emergence of resistance to beta-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics during moxalactam therapy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1982 Dec;22(6):1037–1041. doi: 10.1128/aac.22.6.1037. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Santanam P., Kayser F. H. Purification and characterization of an aminoglycoside inactivating enzyme from Staphylococcus epidermidis FK109 that nucleotidylates the 4'- and 4''-hydroxyl groups of the aminoglycoside antibiotics. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1978 Apr;31(4):343–351. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.31.343. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Santanam P., Kayser F. H. Tobramycin adenylyltransferase: a new aminoglycoside-inactivating enzyme from Staphylococcus epidermidis. J Infect Dis. 1976 Aug;134 (Suppl):S33–S39. doi: 10.1093/infdis/134.supplement_1.s33. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]