Abstract
Solid-phase radioimmunoassays for woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) surface antigen (WHsAg) and antibody to it (anti-WHs) were developed. The test for WHsAg could detect as little as 10 ng/ml. In both tests it was necessary to employ radiolabeled WHsAg instead of anti-WHs as the probe because the latter appeared to be labile to the conditions of labeling. The tests were used to characterize naturally acquired and experimental WHV infections of woodchucks. Forty-three of 72 wild-caught woodchucks had serological evidence of WHV infections; 16 of these resulted in chronic infection, and the remainder were self-limiting. All chronically infected animals were positive for WHsAg and DNA polymerase activity. During 3 years of observation, 11 of the 16 WHsAg-positive animals and 3 of the 27 anti-WHs-positive animals, but none of the 21 uninfected animals developed hepatocellular carcinoma. Seroconversion, possibly resulting from infection with WHV, was documented in a chimpanzee inoculated with WHV. An immune adherence hemagglutination test for WHsAg was also developed by using anti-WHs of chimpanzee origin as a reagent, but the test was not useful for detecting anti-WHs of woodchuck origin because of the lability of the latter.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Cummings I. W., Browne J. K., Salser W. A., Tyler G. V., Snyder R. L., Smolec J. M., Summers J. Isolation, characterization, and comparison of recombinant DNAs derived from genomes of human hepatitis B virus and woodchuck hepatitis virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Apr;77(4):1842–1846. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.4.1842. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gerin J. L., Faust R. M., Holland P. V. Biophysical characterization of the adr subtype of hepatitis B antigen and preparation of anti-r sera in rabbits. J Immunol. 1975 Jul;115(1):100–105. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mayumi M., Okochi K., Nishioka K. Detection of Australia antigen by means of immune adherence haemagglutination test. Vox Sang. 1971 Feb;20(2):178–181. doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.1971.tb00549.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Moritsugu Y., Dienstag J. L., Valdesuso J., Wong D. C., Wagner J., Routenberg J. A., Purcell R. H. Purification of hepatitis A antigen from feces and detection of antigen and antibody by immune adherence hemagglutination. Infect Immun. 1976 Mar;13(3):898–908. doi: 10.1128/iai.13.3.898-908.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Peterson M. R., Barker L. F., Schade D. S. Detection of antibody to hepatitis-associated antigen in hemophilia patients and in voluntary blood donors. Vox Sang. 1973 Jan;24(1):66–75. doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.1973.tb03858.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Popper H., Shih J. W., Gerin J. L., Wong D. C., Hoyer B. H., London W. T., Sly D. L., Purcell R. H. Woodchuck hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation of histologic with virologic observations. Hepatology. 1981 Mar-Apr;1(2):91–98. doi: 10.1002/hep.1840010202. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Purcell R. H., Wong D. C., Alter H. J., Holland P. V. Microtiter solid-phase radioimmunoassay for hepatitis B antigen. Appl Microbiol. 1973 Oct;26(4):478–484. doi: 10.1128/am.26.4.478-484.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Summers J., Smolec J. M., Snyder R. A virus similar to human hepatitis B virus associated with hepatitis and hepatoma in woodchucks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Sep;75(9):4533–4537. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.9.4533. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tyler G. V., Summers J. W., Synder R. L. Woodchuck hepatitis virus in natural woodchuck populations. J Wildl Dis. 1981 Apr;17(2):297–301. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-17.2.297. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Werner B. G., Smolec J. M., Snyder R., Summers J. Serological relationship of woodchuck hepatitis virus to human hepatitis B virus. J Virol. 1979 Oct;32(1):314–322. doi: 10.1128/jvi.32.1.314-322.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]