Appendix A.

Step	Objective	Therapy step	Examples
1	Generation of 3 agents or patients for verb.	Clinician says to pt: Tell me who (or what, to be alternated throughout a session) can verb (be verbed). Clinician puts down card with the word who or what written on it as well as a card with the verb written on it. For each word generated, a card with the word written on it is put under the word who or what. (See Appendix B for examples.). Participants are encouraged to provide personal responses. A minimum of 3 words are required before moving to next step.	Agents for verb measure: Chef Carpenter Body mechanic (personal example)
		If pt cannot produce 3 words, the pt receives cards with appropriate responses and 3 foils written on them and chooses those that go with the verb and rejects those that do not.
2	Generation of corresponding agent or patient to complete agent-patient pairs	Clinician asks pt to generate another 3 words that correspond to the agents or patients generated in step 1. For each word generated, a card with the word written on it is put under the word who or what, as appropriate. (See Appendix B.)	Patients to match agents: (Chef)/sugar (Carpenter)/lumber (Body mechanic)/bumper
		As in step 1, if pt cannot produce 3 words, the pt receives words with appropriate responses along with 3 foils and chooses those which are appropriate and rejects those that are not. All word pairs are read aloud by pt.
3	Answer wh-questions about agent-patient pair	The pt chooses one agent-patient pair that he/she wants to discuss in more detail (different pair each week). That pair of words is moved out of the lists of agents and patients to focus attention. (See Appendix B.). The clinician then asks the pt to answer wh-questions (where, when, and why) about that pair. Complete sentences were not required for their responses.	When does a chef measure sugar?   “in the morning” Why...   “correct amount” Where...   “kitchen”
4	Semantic judgment of sentences	All cards are removed from the table. Clinician reads 12 sentences containing the target verb (4 correct, 4 with inappropriate agent, 4 with inappropriate patient, 4 with agent and patient switched). The pt indicates whether the sentences make sense or not.	Inappropriate agent: The dentist measures the door. (It’s possible but not the job of a dentist.)
5	Generation of 3 agent-patient pairs (repeat steps 1–2)	a) The clinician asks the same question asked in step 1. Clinician says to pt: Tell me who (or what) can verb (be verbed). Pt encouraged to produce up to 3 items.    b) Clinician asks for words that correspond to those produced in step 5a.    No cards are used during this step. General feedback was provided (“Good work,” etc.)	a) Who measures things? “Chef”   “Mechanic”   b) What does a chef (then mechanic) measures.   “sugar”   “I don’t know.”

pt: participant