Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Clinical Microbiology logoLink to Journal of Clinical Microbiology
. 1977 Mar;5(3):353–360. doi: 10.1128/jcm.5.3.353-360.1977

Evaluation of the Single Radial Hemolysis Test for Measuring Hemagglutinin- and Neuraminidase-Specific Antibodies to H3N2 Influenza Strains and Antibodies to Influenza B

Khosrow Farrohi a,1, Fakhrissadat K Farrohi a,1, Gary R Noble a, Harold S Kaye a, Alan P Kendal a
PMCID: PMC274596  PMID: 323281

Abstract

Antibodies to the H3 hemagglutinin of influenza A virus could be specifically measured by single radial hemolysis (SRH) when test antigens were recombinant viruses containing the relevant H3 hemagglutinin antigen and irrelevant Neq1 neuraminidase of A/equine/Prague/1/56 virus. Antibodies to influenza B virus could also be measured by the SRH technique. Antibody rises to influenza A or B virus measured by SRH agreed with results of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests for about 80% of the sera tested, including sera from volunteers receiving killed influenza vaccine and sera from patients naturally infected with influenza. Correlation between antibody titers measured by SRH and HI was also good. Antibodies to the N2 neuraminidase of influenza A virus could be specifically measured by SRH when test antigens were recombinant viruses containing the relevant N2 neuraminidase antigen and irrelevant Heq1 hemagglutinin of A/equine/Prague/1/56 virus. The SRH test for neuraminidase antibodies was more strain specific than was the SRH test for hemagglutinin antibodies. Probably for this reason, agreement between neuraminidase antibody determinations in human sera by the SRH test and by the neuraminidase inhibition test was poorer than agreement between the SRH test for hemagglutinin antibodies and the HI test.

Full text

PDF
353

Images in this article

358Image
on p.358

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aymard-Henry M., Coleman M. T., Dowdle W. R., Laver W. G., Schild G. C., Webster R. G. Influenzavirus neuraminidase and neuraminidase-inhibition test procedures. Bull World Health Organ. 1973;48(2):199–202. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Callow K. A., Beare A. S. Measurement of antibody to influenza virus neuraminidase by single radial hemolysis in agarose gels. Infect Immun. 1976 Jan;13(1):1–8. doi: 10.1128/iai.13.1.1-8.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Dowdle W. R., Sarateanu D., Reimer C. B. Antiantibody enhancement of hemagglutination inhibition by influenza anti-neuraminidase. J Immunol. 1972 Dec;109(6):1321–1326. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Holston J. L., Jr, Dowdle W. R. Influenza A neuraminidase antibody assay with sensitized erythrocytes. Appl Microbiol. 1973 Jan;25(1):97–102. doi: 10.1128/am.25.1.97-102.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Kendal A. P., Madeley C. R. A comparative study of influenza virus neuraminidases, using automated techniques. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Jul 8;185(1):163–177. doi: 10.1016/0005-2744(69)90292-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Kendal A. P., Minuse E., Davenport F. M. An imporved procedure for measuring neuraminidase antibodies by hemagglutination-inhibition. Z Naturforsch B. 1972 Mar;27(3):241–245. doi: 10.1515/znb-1972-0305. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Kendal A. P., Minuse E., Maassab H. F., Hennessy A. V., Davenport F. M. Influenza neuraminidase antibody patterns of man. Am J Epidemiol. 1973 Aug;98(2):96–103. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121543. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kilbourne E. D., Christenson W. N., Sande M. Antibody response in man to influenza virus neuraminidase following influenza. J Virol. 1968 Jul;2(7):761–762. doi: 10.1128/jvi.2.7.761-762.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Laver W. G., Downie J. C., Webster R. G. Diversity of the antibody response to the different antigenic determinants on the hemagglutinin subunits of influenza viruses. J Immunol. 1976 Feb;116(2):336–341. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Mostow S. R., Schild G. C., Dowdle W. R., Wood R. J. Application of the single radial diffusion test for assay of antibody to influenza type A viruses. J Clin Microbiol. 1975 Dec;2(6):531–540. doi: 10.1128/jcm.2.6.531-540.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Paniker C. K. Serological relationships between the neuraminidases in influenza viruses. J Gen Virol. 1968 May;2(3):385–394. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-2-3-385. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Russell S. M., McCahon D., Beare A. S. A single radial haemolysis technique for the measurement of influenza antibody. J Gen Virol. 1975 Apr;27(1):1–10. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-27-1-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Schild G. C., Henry-Aymard M., Pereira H. G. A quantitative, single-radial-diffusion test for immunological studies with influenza virus. J Gen Virol. 1972 Aug;16(2):231–236. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-16-2-231. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Schild G. C., Oxford J. S., Dowdle W. R., Coleman M., Pereira M. S., Chakraverty P. Antigenic variation in current influenza A viruses: evidence for a high frequency of antigenic 'drift' for the Hong Kong virus. Bull World Health Organ. 1974;51(1):1–11. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Schulman J. L., Kilbourne E. D. Independent variation in nature of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigens of influenza virus: distinctiveness of hemagglutinin antigen of Hong Kong-68 virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 Jun;63(2):326–333. doi: 10.1073/pnas.63.2.326. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES