Table 2.
Univariate predictors of infant infection at 6 weeks of age.
| Characteristic | Transmitters (n = 31) |
Non-transmitters (n = 247) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal characteristics | |||
| Mean age, years | 25.0 | 25.0 | 0.87 |
| Mean body mass index, kg/m2 (SD) | 24.1 | 25.0 | 0.16 |
| Multiparous, % | 74.2 | 81.0 | 0.37 |
| Prior stillbirth, % | 9.7 | 9.3 | 0.95 |
| Did not breastfeed exclusively, % | 16.1 | 2.0 | 0.0022 |
| Married, % | 90.3 | 93.5 | 0.45 |
| Mean education, years | 7.0 | 6.5 | 0.35 |
| Mean family weekly income, US$ | 13.8 | 14.1 | 0.92 |
| Used alcohol during pregnancy, % | 48.4 | 27.3 | 0.016 |
| Infant characteristics | |||
| Birth weight, g (SD) | 2987 (471) | 3068 (367) | 0.36 |
| Birth weight < 25%ile, % | 25.8 | 14.5 | 0.10 |
| Clinical chorioamnionitis, % | 6.5 | 1.0 | 0.06 |
| Histologic severe chronic chorioamnionitis, % | 32 | 20 | 0.18 |
| Histologic severe acute chorioamnionitis, % | 44 | 45 | 0.90 |
| Maternal laboratory values | |||
| CD4 cells × 103/l | 320 | 379 | 0.14 |
| Nevirapine concentration (ng/mL) | 753 | 904 | 0.23 |
| Nevirapine concentration < 100 ng/ml, % | 26 | 24 | 0.80 |
| Log viral load | 4.6 | 4.2 | 0.075 |
| Viral Load higher that the median, % | 71 | 48 | 0.034 |
| Positive RPR test, % | 18 | 12 | 0.34 |
| Maternal delivery time values | |||
| Time from nevirapine dose to delivery, h (SD) | 8.2 (10.3) | 11.9 (15.8) | 0.09 |
| ⩽ 1 h between nevirapine ingestion to delivery, % | 30.0 | 13.5 | 0.018 |
| Time from membrane rupture and delivery, h (SD) | 1.5 (3.2) | 2.2 (7.0) | 0.33 |