TABLE 3.
Categories of Pain Medication Used |
Analysis |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 (N = 72) | 1 (N = 54) | 2 (N = 47) | F | p | |
Posttraumatic Symptom Scale (PSS) score | |||||
Overall | 15.1 (14.5) a | 16.9 (13.1) a | 24.7 (15.2) b | 6.63 | 0.002 |
Intrusive | 3.8 (4.2) a | 4.1 (3.8) a | 6.3 (4.3) b | 5.89 | 0.003 |
Avoidance | 7.0 (6.7) a | 7.7 (6.6) a | 10.7 (7.0) b | 4.34 | 0.014 |
Hyperarousal | 4.4 (4.6) a | 5.2 (4.4) a | 7.7 (5.1) b | 7.40 | 0.001 |
Number of symptoms | |||||
Intrusive | 1.8 (1.8) a | 2.0 (1.7) a | 2.9 (1.8) b | 5.55 | 0.005 |
Avoidance | 2.5 (2.2) a | 2.7 (2.0) a | 3.7 (2.2) b | 4.41 | 0.014 |
Hyperarousal | 1.9 (1.9) a | 2.4 (1.9) a | 3.2 (1.8) b | 5.88 | 0.003 |
Note: Data are mean (standard deviation), unless otherwise indicated. Total N = 173. Means with different superscripts are significantly different (p<0.05).