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. 1967 Oct;94(4):1170–1177. doi: 10.1128/jb.94.4.1170-1177.1967

Physical States of Staphylococcal α-Toxin

John P Arbuthnott 1, John H Freer 1, Alan W Bernheimer 1
PMCID: PMC276791  PMID: 4963777

Abstract

At least three different forms of staphylococcal α-toxin have been shown to exist: soluble active α-toxin (α 3S), soluble inactive α-toxin (α12s), and insoluble inactive aggregate. Aggregation to the insoluble, biologically inactive form could be induced by brief heating to 60 C. The aggregate was dissociated by treatment with 8 m urea with reappearance of biological activity. Subsequent removal of urea by dialysis resulted in some spontaneous reaggregation to the insoluble state. The supernatant fluid obtained after dialysis contained soluble active α-toxin of high specific activity, possessing physical, toxic, and immunological properties closely resembling those of native toxin. The soluble biologically inert component (α12s) was identified as a third physical state. Negatively stained preparations of this material, when examined in the electron microscope, showed rings of approximately 100 A outside diameter containing 6 ± 1 subunits.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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