Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1963 Apr;85(4):772–781. doi: 10.1128/jb.85.4.772-781.1963

NATURE OF THE LIPIDS OF SOME LACTIC ACID BACTERIA1

Miyoshi Ikawa a
PMCID: PMC278224  PMID: 14044942

Abstract

Ikawa, Miyoshi (University of California, Berkeley). Nature of the lipids of some lactic acid bacteria. J. Bacteriol. 85:772–781. 1963.—Lactobacillus casei, L. plantarum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Pediococcus cerevisiae, and Streptococcus faecalis were grown on a lipid-free medium, and the amounts of acetone-soluble lipids, acetone-insoluble phospholipids, and unextracted or bound lipid in the cells were estimated. Neutral glycerides appeared to be absent, or present only in traces, in L. casei and S. faecalis. L. plantarum, L. mesenteroides, and P. cerevisiae, in addition to containing glycerides, appeared to contain glycolipids of glucose and galactose. Glycerol was present in the phospholipid fraction of all the organisms, and, in addition, galactose was present in L. mesenteroides. Paper chromatography of hydrolysates of the phospholipid fractions showed the absence of the usual phospholipid nitrogen bases, serine, ethanolamine, and choline, in these organisms. Microbiological assays of lyophilized unextracted cells for myo-inositol and choline also showed that lipids containing these components occurred in very small amounts at most. The principal ninhydrin-reacting substance in the phospholipid fraction of L. casei, L. plantarum, P. cerevisiae, and S. faecalis was lysine, which seemed to be exclusively of the l configuration. The principal ninhydrin-reacting substance in the L. mesenteroides phospholipid fraction was d-alanine. These amino acids appeared to be bound in components of the phospholipid fraction and not free.

Full text

PDF
772

Images in this article

778Image
on p.778

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BARBIER M., LEDERER E. Sur un acide aminé du phosphatide de mycobacterium phlei. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1952;8(5):590–591. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(52)90093-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BARTLETT G. R. Phosphorus assay in column chromatography. J Biol Chem. 1959 Mar;234(3):466–468. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. CMELIK S. Uber Bakterienlipoide. III. Untersuchung verschiedener Lipoidfraktionen von Salmonella paratyphi C. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1954;296(1-2):67–73. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. CRAIG J. A., SNELL E. E. The comparative activities of pantethine, pantothenic acid, and coenzyme A for various microorganisms. J Bacteriol. 1951 Mar;61(3):283–291. doi: 10.1128/jb.61.3.283-291.1951. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. FOLCH J., LEES M., SLOANE STANLEY G. H. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. J Biol Chem. 1957 May;226(1):497–509. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. GARVIE E. I. Reclassification of Leuconostoc mesenteroides P. 60 as a Pedicoccus. Nature. 1959 May 16;183(4672):1411–1412. doi: 10.1038/1831411a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. GILBY A. R., FEW A. V., McQUILLEN K. The chemical composition of the protoplast membrane of Micrococcus lysodeikticus. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1958 Jul;29(1):21–29. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(58)90141-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. HOFMANN K., HSIAO C. Y. Y., HENIS D. B., PANOS C. The estimation of the fatty acid composition of bacterial lipides. J Biol Chem. 1955 Nov;217(1):49–60. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. HOFMANN K., LUCAS R. A., SAX S. M. The chemical nature of the fatty acids of Lactobacillus arabinosus. J Biol Chem. 1952 Apr;195(2):473–485. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. HOFMANN K., SAX S. M. The chemical nature of the fatty acids of Lactobacillus casei. J Biol Chem. 1953 Nov;205(1):55–63. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. HOFMANN K., TAUSIG F. The chemical nature of the fatty acids of a group C Streptococcus species. J Biol Chem. 1955 Mar;213(1):415–423. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. IKAWA M., SNELL E. E., LEDERER E. Occurrence of D-phenylalanine, D-allothreonine and other D-amino-acids in peptido-lipids of bacterial origin. Nature. 1960 Nov 12;188:558–560. doi: 10.1038/188558a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. IKAWA M. The partial chemical degradation of the cell walls of Lactobacillus plantarum, Streptococcus faecalis, and Lactobacillus casei. J Biol Chem. 1961 Apr;236:1087–1092. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. KITAY E., SNELL E. E. Some additional nutritional requirements of certain lactic acid bacteria. J Bacteriol. 1950 Jul;60(1):49–56. doi: 10.1128/jb.60.1.49-56.1950. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. McCLESKEY C. S. The identity of strain P-60 of Leuconostoc mesenteroides. J Bacteriol. 1952 Jul;64(1):140–141. doi: 10.1128/jb.64.1.140-141.1952. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. NOLL H., BLOCH H., ASSELINEAU J., LEDERER E. The chemical structure of the cord factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1956 May;20(2):299–309. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(56)90289-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. PAUL F., VILKAS E. [On the chemical structure of the phospholipids from 4 strains of mycobacteria]. C R Hebd Seances Acad Sci. 1962 May 28;254:3915–3917. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. ROSEN H. A modified ninhydrin colorimetric analysis for amino acids. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1957 Mar;67(1):10–15. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(57)90241-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. THORNE K. J., KODICEK E. The metabolism of acetate and mevalonic acid by lactobacilli. II. The incorporation of [14C]acetate and [14C]mevalonic acid into the bacterial lipids. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1962 May 21;59:280–294. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(62)90176-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. WREN J. J., MITCHELL H. K. Extraction methods and an investigation of Drosophila lipids. J Biol Chem. 1959 Nov;234:2823–2828. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES