293-TLR3 cells were co-transfected with plasmids encoding luciferase under the control of the IL-8 promoter, a dominant negative form of TRIF or the empty vector (control), and pSV-beta-galactosidase for normalization. Sixteen hrs pt, cells were infected at an moi of 10 with the indicated viruses. Six hours later, cells were left untreated or treated with dsRNA (PolyI:C; 5 ug/ml). Lysates were harvested at 24 h pi and analyzed for luciferase activity. Results are expressed as fold over that seen with mock infected cells not treated with dsRNA. Data are from triplicate samples and error bars represent standard deviation. *; p<0.02 comparing SV5-GFP infected control cells with infected cells expressing DN TRIF; #, p<0.001 comparing P/V mutant infected control cells with infected cells expressing DN TRIF; ^, p<0.005 comparing Leader mutant infected control cells with infected cells expressing DN TRIF. P/V Mut, P/V-CPI-; Le Mut, Le-(U5C, A14G).