Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1988 Nov;85(21):7902–7906. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.21.7902

Holliday junctions in FLP recombination: resolution by step-arrest mutants of FLP protein.

M Jayaram 1, K L Crain 1, R L Parsons 1, R M Harshey 1
PMCID: PMC282308  PMID: 3054874

Abstract

The FLP "recombinase" of the 2-micron circle yeast plasmid can resolve synthetic FLP site-Holliday junctions. Mutants of the FLP protein that are blocked in recombination but are normal in substrate cleavage can also mediate resolution. The products of resolution by these mutants are almost exclusively nicked molecules with a protein-bound 3' end. There is no significant asymmetry in strand cleavage (top versus bottom) by the mutants in linear or in circular FLP substrates; nor is there a bias in resolution (toward parentals or toward recombinants) of Holliday junctions (corresponding to top- or to bottom-strand exchange) by wild-type FLP. During normal FLP recombination, a small amount of the expected Holliday intermediate can be detected.

Full text

PDF

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Andrews B. J., Proteau G. A., Beatty L. G., Sadowski P. D. The FLP recombinase of the 2 micron circle DNA of yeast: interaction with its target sequences. Cell. 1985 Apr;40(4):795–803. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90339-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Argos P., Landy A., Abremski K., Egan J. B., Haggard-Ljungquist E., Hoess R. H., Kahn M. L., Kalionis B., Narayana S. V., Pierson L. S., 3rd The integrase family of site-specific recombinases: regional similarities and global diversity. EMBO J. 1986 Feb;5(2):433–440. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04229.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bell L., Byers B. Occurrence of crossed strand-exchange forms in yeast DNA during meiosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jul;76(7):3445–3449. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.7.3445. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Gronostajski R. M., Sadowski P. D. The FLP recombinase of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2 microns plasmid attaches covalently to DNA via a phosphotyrosyl linkage. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Nov;5(11):3274–3279. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.11.3274. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Hartley J. L., Donelson J. E. Nucleotide sequence of the yeast plasmid. Nature. 1980 Aug 28;286(5776):860–865. doi: 10.1038/286860a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hoess R. H., Abremski K. Mechanism of strand cleavage and exchange in the Cre-lox site-specific recombination system. J Mol Biol. 1985 Feb 5;181(3):351–362. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(85)90224-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hoess R., Wierzbicki A., Abremski K. Isolation and characterization of intermediates in site-specific recombination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(19):6840–6844. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.19.6840. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hsu P. L., Landy A. Resolution of synthetic att-site Holliday structures by the integrase protein of bacteriophage lambda. Nature. 1984 Oct 25;311(5988):721–726. doi: 10.1038/311721a0. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kitts P. A., Nash H. A. Homology-dependent interactions in phage lambda site-specific recombination. Nature. 1987 Sep 24;329(6137):346–348. doi: 10.1038/329346a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Lange-Gustafson B. J., Nash H. A. Purification and properties of Int-h, a variant protein involved in site-specific recombination of bacteriophage lambda. J Biol Chem. 1984 Oct 25;259(20):12724–12732. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Miller H. I., Mozola M. A., Friedman D. I. int-h: An int mutation of phage lambda that enhances site-specific recombination. Cell. 1980 Jul;20(3):721–729. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90318-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Mizuuchi K., Weisberg R., Enquist L., Mizuuchi M., Buraczynska M., Foeller C., Hsu P. L., Ross W., Landy A. Structure and function of the phage lambda att site: size, int-binding sites, and location of the crossover point. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1981;45(Pt 1):429–437. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1981.045.01.057. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Nash H. A., Bauer C. E., Gardner J. F. Role of homology in site-specific recombination of bacteriophage lambda: evidence against joining of cohesive ends. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jun;84(12):4049–4053. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.12.4049. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Nunes-Düby S. E., Matsumoto L., Landy A. Site-specific recombination intermediates trapped with suicide substrates. Cell. 1987 Aug 28;50(5):779–788. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90336-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Pargellis C. A., Nunes-Düby S. E., de Vargas L. M., Landy A. Suicide recombination substrates yield covalent lambda integrase-DNA complexes and lead to identification of the active site tyrosine. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jun 5;263(16):7678–7685. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Parsons R. L., Prasad P. V., Harshey R. M., Jayaram M. Step-arrest mutants of FLP recombinase: implications for the catalytic mechanism of DNA recombination. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Aug;8(8):3303–3310. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.8.3303. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Prasad P. V., Young L. J., Jayaram M. Mutations in the 2-microns circle site-specific recombinase that abolish recombination without affecting substrate recognition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Apr;84(8):2189–2193. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.8.2189. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Senecoff J. F., Bruckner R. C., Cox M. M. The FLP recombinase of the yeast 2-micron plasmid: characterization of its recombination site. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Nov;82(21):7270–7274. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.21.7270. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Umlauf S. W., Cox M. M. The functional significance of DNA sequence structure in a site-specific genetic recombination reaction. EMBO J. 1988 Jun;7(6):1845–1852. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03017.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Vogelstein B., Gillespie D. Preparative and analytical purification of DNA from agarose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Feb;76(2):615–619. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.2.615. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES