Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1970 Nov;67(3):1580–1587. doi: 10.1073/pnas.67.3.1580

DNA Ligase Mutants of Escherichia coli

Martin Gellert 1, Minnie L Bullock 1
PMCID: PMC283393  PMID: 4922293

Abstract

A procedure is described for the isolation of Escherichia coli mutants with either excess or deficient DNA ligase activity. A mutant that overproduces DNA ligase supports the growth of ligase-defective (gene 30 mutant) T4 phages. Even T4 rII-gene 30 double mutants, which are able to grow in normal E. coli, cannot grow in cells deficient in DNA ligase. A functional DNA ligase, supplied either by the phage or the host, thus seems to be required for T4 growth. An E. coli strain that makes a temperature-sensitive DNA ligase becomes radiation-sensitive at high temperature, but otherwise grows normally and shows no obvious defect in DNA replication.

Full text

PDF
1580

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BOYCE R. P., HOWARD-FLANDERS P. RELEASE OF ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT-INDUCED THYMINE DIMERS FROM DNA IN E. COLI K-12. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1964 Feb;51:293–300. doi: 10.1073/pnas.51.2.293. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Baldwin R. L., Barrand P., Fritsch A., Goldthwait D. A., Jacob F. Cohesive sites on the deoxyribonucleic acids from several temperate coliphages. J Mol Biol. 1966 Jun;17(2):343–357. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(66)80146-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Berger H., Kozinski A. W. Suppression of T4D ligase mutations by rIIa and rIIb mutations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 Nov;64(3):897–904. doi: 10.1073/pnas.64.3.897. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. CAMPBELL A. Transduction and segregation in Escherichia coli K12. Virology. 1957 Oct;4(2):366–384. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(57)90070-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chan V. L., Shugar S., Ebisuzaki K. Intergenic suppression of amber polynucleotide ligase mutation in bacteriophage T4. Virology. 1970 Feb;40(2):403–406. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(70)90418-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Ebisuzaki K. Role of polynucleotide ligase and DNA polymerase in the repair of DNA damage. J Mol Biol. 1969 Jun 14;42(2):375–378. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(69)90050-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fareed G. C., Richardson C. C. Enzymatic breakage and joining of deoxyribonucleic acid. II. The structural gene for polynucleotide ligase in bacteriophage T4. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Aug;58(2):665–672. doi: 10.1073/pnas.58.2.665. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gellert M. Formation of covalent circles of lambda DNA by E. coli extracts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Jan;57(1):148–155. doi: 10.1073/pnas.57.1.148. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Gellert M., Little J. W., Oshinsky C. K., Zimmerman S. B. Joining of DNA strands by DNA ligase of E. coli. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1968;33:21–26. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1968.033.01.007. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hosoda J., Mathews E. DNA replication in vivo by a temperature-sensitive polynucleotide ligase mutant of T4. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Nov;61(3):997–1004. doi: 10.1073/pnas.61.3.997. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Jovin T. M., Englund P. T., Bertsch L. L. Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. XXVI. Physical and chemical studies of a homogeneous deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase. J Biol Chem. 1969 Jun 10;244(11):2996–3008. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Karam J. D. DNA replication of phage T4 rII mutants without polynucleotide ligase (gene 30). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1969 Oct 22;37(3):416–422. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(69)90931-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. MESELSON M., WEIGLE J. J. Chromosome brekage accompanying genetic recombination in bacteriophage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1961 Jun 15;47:857–868. doi: 10.1073/pnas.47.6.857. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Modrich P., Lehman I. R. Enzymatic joining of polynucleotides. IX. A simple and rapid assay of polynucleotide joining (ligase) activity by measurement of circle formation from linear deoxyadenylate-deoxythymidylate copolymer. J Biol Chem. 1970 Jul 25;245(14):3626–3631. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Newman J., Hanawalt P. Role of polynucleotide ligase in T4 DNA replication. J Mol Biol. 1968 Aug 14;35(3):639–642. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(68)80020-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Okazaki R., Okazaki T., Sakabe K., Sugimoto K., Sugino A. Mechanism of DNA chain growth. I. Possible discontinuity and unusual secondary structure of newly synthesized chains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Feb;59(2):598–605. doi: 10.1073/pnas.59.2.598. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Olivera B. M., Lehman I. R. Linkage of polynucleotides through phosphodiester bonds by an enzyme from Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 May;57(5):1426–1433. doi: 10.1073/pnas.57.5.1426. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Pauling C., Hamm L. Properties of a temperature-sensitive radiation-sensitive mutant of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Aug;60(4):1495–1502. doi: 10.1073/pnas.60.4.1495. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Pauling C., Hamm L. Properties of a temperature-sensitive, radiation-sensitive mutant of Escherichia coli. II. DNA replication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 Dec;64(4):1195–1202. doi: 10.1073/pnas.64.4.1195. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. RICHARDSON C. C., SCHILDKRAUT C. L., APOSHIAN H. V., KORNBERG A. ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID. XIV. FURTHER PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID POLYMERASE OF ESCHERICHIA COLI. J Biol Chem. 1964 Jan;239:222–232. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Richardson C. C., Masamune Y., Live T. R., Jacquemin-Sablon A., Weiss B., Fareed G. C. Studies on the joining of DNA by polynucleotide ligase of phage T4. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1968;33:151–164. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1968.033.01.019. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Russell R. L., Abelson J. N., Landy A., Gefter M. L., Brenner S., Smith J. D. Duplicate genes for tyrosine transfer RNA in Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1970 Jan 14;47(1):1–13. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90397-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. STREISINGER G., EDGAR R. S., DENHARDT G. H. CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE IN PHAGE T4. I. CIRCULARITY OF THE LINKAGE MAP. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1964 May;51:775–779. doi: 10.1073/pnas.51.5.775. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Sugimoto K., Okazaki T., Okazaki R. Mechanism of DNA chain growth, II. Accumulation of newly synthesized short chains in E. coli infected with ligase-defective T4 phages. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Aug;60(4):1356–1362. doi: 10.1073/pnas.60.4.1356. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Weiss B., Richardson C. C. Enzymatic breakage and joining of deoxyribonucleic acid, I. Repair of single-strand breaks in DNA by an enzyme system from Escherichia coli infected with T4 bacteriophage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Apr;57(4):1021–1028. doi: 10.1073/pnas.57.4.1021. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Zimmerman S. B., Little J. W., Oshinsky C. K., Gellert M. Enzymatic joining of DNA strands: a novel reaction of diphosphopyridine nucleotide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Jun;57(6):1841–1848. doi: 10.1073/pnas.57.6.1841. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Zimmerman S. B., Oshinsky C. K. Enzymatic joining of deoxyribonucleic acid strands. 3. Further purification of the deoxyribonucleic acid ligase from Escherichia coli and multiple forms of the purified enzyme. J Biol Chem. 1969 Sep 10;244(17):4689–4695. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES