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Epidemiology and Infection logoLink to Epidemiology and Infection
. 2003 Feb;130(1):23–32. doi: 10.1017/s0950268802007914

Campylobacter spp. in Icelandic poultry operations and human disease.

N J Stern 1, K L Hiett 1, G A Alfredsson 1, K G Kristinsson 1, J Reiersen 1, H Hardardottir 1, H Briem 1, E Gunnarsson 1, F Georgsson 1, R Lowman 1, E Berndtson 1, A M Lammerding 1, G M Paoli 1, M T Musgrove 1
PMCID: PMC2869935  PMID: 12613742

Abstract

We describe the observed relationship of campylobacter in poultry operations to human cases in a closed environment. During 1999 in Iceland, domestic cases of campylobacteriosis reached peak levels at 116/100,000 and in 2000 dropped to 33/100,000. Approximately 62% of broiler carcass rinses were contaminated with Campylobacter spp. in 1999. During 2000, only 15% of the broiler flocks tested Campylobacter spp. positive. In 2000, carcasses from flocks which tested positive on the farms at 4 weeks of age were subsequently frozen prior to distribution. We suggest that public education, enhanced on-farm biological security measures, carcass freezing and other unidentified factors, such as variations in weather, contributed to the large reduction in poultry-borne campylobacteriosis. There is no immediate basis for assigning credit to any specific intervention. We continue to seek additional information to understand the decline in campylobacteriosis and to create a risk assessment model for Campylobacter spp. transmission through this well defined system.

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