Abstract
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase [acetyl-CoA:carbondioxide ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.4.1.2] is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biogenesis of long-chain fatty acids. We have previously characterized five acetyl-CoA carboxylase mRNA species that differ in their 5' untranslated regions but not in the coding region. We have now characterized the exon-intron structure of the genomic DNA that encodes the 5' untranslated region of the mRNA. Generation of different forms of the mRNA is the result of the selective use of two promoters and differential splicing of five different exons. These five exons contain a total of 645 nucleotides and they are scattered over a 50-kilobase-pair genomic DNA region that we have characterized.
Full text
PDF




Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Andrisani O. M., Hayes T. E., Roos B., Dixon J. E. Identification of the promoter sequences involved in the cell specific expression of the rat somatostatin gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Jul 24;15(14):5715–5728. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.14.5715. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bai D. H., Pape M. E., López-Casillas F., Luo X. C., Dixon J. E., Kim K. H. Molecular cloning of cDNA for acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase. J Biol Chem. 1986 Sep 15;261(26):12395–12399. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cathala G., Savouret J. F., Mendez B., West B. L., Karin M., Martial J. A., Baxter J. D. A method for isolation of intact, translationally active ribonucleic acid. DNA. 1983;2(4):329–335. doi: 10.1089/dna.1983.2.329. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chretien S., Dubart A., Beaupain D., Raich N., Grandchamp B., Rosa J., Goossens M., Romeo P. H. Alternative transcription and splicing of the human porphobilinogen deaminase gene result either in tissue-specific or in housekeeping expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(1):6–10. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.1.6. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dale R. M., McClure B. A., Houchins J. P. A rapid single-stranded cloning strategy for producing a sequential series of overlapping clones for use in DNA sequencing: application to sequencing the corn mitochondrial 18 S rDNA. Plasmid. 1985 Jan;13(1):31–40. doi: 10.1016/0147-619x(85)90053-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Giffhorn S., Katz N. R. Glucose-dependent induction of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in rat hepatocyte cultures. Biochem J. 1984 Jul 15;221(2):343–350. doi: 10.1042/bj2210343. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gorman C. M., Moffat L. F., Howard B. H. Recombinant genomes which express chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Sep;2(9):1044–1051. doi: 10.1128/mcb.2.9.1044. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Green M. R. Pre-mRNA splicing. Annu Rev Genet. 1986;20:671–708. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.20.120186.003323. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kim K. H. Regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Curr Top Cell Regul. 1983;22:143–176. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-152822-5.50009-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kozak M. A profusion of controls. J Cell Biol. 1988 Jul;107(1):1–7. doi: 10.1083/jcb.107.1.1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lane M. D., Moss J., Polakis S. E. Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase. Curr Top Cell Regul. 1974;8(0):139–195. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Leibold E. A., Munro H. N. Cytoplasmic protein binds in vitro to a highly conserved sequence in the 5' untranslated region of ferritin heavy- and light-subunit mRNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(7):2171–2175. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.7.2171. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- López-Casillas F., Bai D. H., Luo X. C., Kong I. S., Hermodson M. A., Kim K. H. Structure of the coding sequence and primary amino acid sequence of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):5784–5788. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.16.5784. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- López-Casillas F., Pape M. E., Bai D. H., Kuhn D. N., Dixon J. E., Kim K. H. Preparation of functional acetyl-CoA carboxylase mRNA from rat mammary gland. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1987 Aug 15;257(1):63–68. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(87)90543-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mackall J. C., Lane M. D. Changes in mammary-gland acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase associated with lactogenic differentiation. Biochem J. 1977 Mar 15;162(3):635–642. doi: 10.1042/bj1620635. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Majerus P. W., Kilburn E. Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase. The roles of synthesis and degradation in regulation of enzyme levels in rat liver. J Biol Chem. 1969 Nov 25;244(22):6254–6262. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nakanishi S., Numa S. Purification of rat liver acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase and immunochemical studies on its synthesis and degradation. Eur J Biochem. 1970 Sep;16(1):161–173. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1970.tb01068.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Obaru K., Tsuzuki T., Setoyama C., Shimada K. Structural organization of the mouse aspartate aminotransferase isoenzyme genes. Introns antedate the divergence of cytosolic and mitochondrial isoenzyme genes. J Mol Biol. 1988 Mar 5;200(1):13–22. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(88)90329-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pape M. E., Kim K. H. Effect of tumor necrosis factor on acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase gene expression and preadipocyte differentiation. Mol Endocrinol. 1988 May;2(5):395–403. doi: 10.1210/mend-2-5-395. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pape M. E., Kim K. H. Transcriptional regulation of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase gene expression by tumor necrosis factor in 30A-5 preadipocytes. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Mar;9(3):974–982. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.3.974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pape M. E., Lopez-Casillas F., Kim K. H. Physiological regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene expression: effects of diet, diabetes, and lactation on acetyl-CoA carboxylase mRNA. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1988 Nov 15;267(1):104–109. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(88)90013-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Spence J. T., Pitot H. C. Induction of lipogenic enzymes in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Relationship between lipogenesis and carbohydrate metabolism. Eur J Biochem. 1982 Nov;128(1):15–20. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1982.tb06924.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Spiegelman B. M. Regulation of gene expression in the adipocyte: implications for obesity and proto-oncogene function. Trends Genet. 1988 Jul;4(7):203–207. doi: 10.1016/0168-9525(88)90077-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Taylor W. L., Collier K. J., Deschenes R. J., Weith H. L., Dixon J. E. Sequence analysis of a cDNA coding for a pancreatic precursor to somatostatin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Nov;78(11):6694–6698. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.11.6694. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Volpe J. J., Vagelos P. R. Saturated fatty acid biosynthesis and its regulation. Annu Rev Biochem. 1973;42:21–60. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.42.070173.000321. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]



