Table 1.

Summary statistics of the response variables analysed in this study

Variable (unit)	Statistic	June 2004		August 2004		May 2005
		Controla	Herbivoryb	Control	Herbivory	Control	Herbivory
Species richnessc	Mean	–f	–	4.64	4.59	4.86	5.02
	SE	–	–	0.54	0.58	0.58	0.66
FG richnessd	Mean	–	–	2.00	1.93	2.01	1.99
	SE	–	–	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12
Total cover (%)	Mean	60.04	60.69	84.59	80.52	85.62	86.04
	SE	2.40	2.26	2.39	2.60	2.88	2.92
Grass cover (%)	Mean	19.69	20.90	24.36	15.01	24.53	20.01
	SE	2.95	2.96	3.26	2.47	3.26	3.01
Legume cover (%)	Mean	11.32	11.43	22.94	21.58	24.57	25.62
	SE	2.19	2.09	3.58	3.55	3.92	4.19
Herb cover (%)	Mean	29.02	28.28	37.30	43.93	36.52	40.41
	SE	2.87	2.71	3.62	3.83	3.62	3.65
Legume height (cm)	Mean	–	–	19.42	17.37	19.78	19.05
	SE	–	–	2.92	2.84	3.03	2.96
Grass height (cm)	Mean	–	–	14.33	8.68	25.65	21.60
	SE	–	–	1.91	1.31	3.06	2.79
Vegetation height (cm)	Mean	13.23	13.00	30.64	26.60	40.40	38.83
	SE	0.62	0.61	2.14	2.29	2.39	2.29
Cage biomass (gm−2)	Mean	–	–	216.57	213.16	345.81	348.67
	SE	–	–	15.26	19.91	29.91	32.07
Grass biomass (gm−2)	Mean	–	–	55.92	25.58	103.38	76.26
	SE	–	–	8.13	4.44	15.42	11.39
Legume biomass (gm−2)	Mean	–	–	88.86	99.85	156.86	173.20
	SE	–	–	16.65	20.44	29.21	34.32
Small herb biome (gm−2)	Mean	–	–	28.48	32.35	29.62	31.29
	SE	–	–	5.18	5.03	5.70	5.33
Tall herb biomass (gm−2)	Mean	–	–	43.30	55.38	55.95	67.91
	SE	–	–	7.66	9.32	10.24	11.10
Herb biomass (gm−2)	Mean	–	–	14.10	17.22	16.80	19.48
	SE	–	–	1.53	1.85	2.08	2.09

Arithmetic means and standard error of each mean (each n = 81)

^aControl cage

^bHerbivory cage

^cRealized species richness per 0.2 m²

^dRealized number of functional groups per 0.2 m²

^eSmall herb biomass

^fNot measured or not applicable