Skip to main content
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1992 Sep;66(9):5598–5602. doi: 10.1128/jvi.66.9.5598-5602.1992

Multimerization of ICP0, a herpes simplex virus immediate-early protein.

J Chen 1, C Panagiotidis 1, S Silverstein 1
PMCID: PMC289122  PMID: 1323713

Abstract

ICP0, a herpes simplex virus immediate-early gene product, is a highly phosphorylated nuclear protein that is a potent activator of virus and host genes. Using biochemical and genetic assays employing plasmids encoding mutant forms of ICP0 and a recombinant adenovirus that expresses ICP0, we mutant forms of ICP0 and a recombinant adenovirus that expresses ICP0, we provide evidence that the protein multimerizes. Some mutant forms of ICP0 were transdominant and interfered with activation of a target reporter gene or with complementation of an ICP0-minus virus.

Full text

PDF
5598

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Baeuerle P. A., Baltimore D. I kappa B: a specific inhibitor of the NF-kappa B transcription factor. Science. 1988 Oct 28;242(4878):540–546. doi: 10.1126/science.3140380. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Batterson W., Roizman B. Characterization of the herpes simplex virion-associated factor responsible for the induction of alpha genes. J Virol. 1983 May;46(2):371–377. doi: 10.1128/jvi.46.2.371-377.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Cai W. Z., Schaffer P. A. Herpes simplex virus type 1 ICP0 plays a critical role in the de novo synthesis of infectious virus following transfection of viral DNA. J Virol. 1989 Nov;63(11):4579–4589. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.11.4579-4589.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cai W., Schaffer P. A. Herpes simplex virus type 1 ICP0 regulates expression of immediate-early, early, and late genes in productively infected cells. J Virol. 1992 May;66(5):2904–2915. doi: 10.1128/jvi.66.5.2904-2915.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chen J. X., Zhu X. X., Silverstein S. Mutational analysis of the sequence encoding ICP0 from herpes simplex virus type 1. Virology. 1991 Jan;180(1):207–220. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90025-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chen J., Silverstein S. Herpes simplex viruses with mutations in the gene encoding ICP0 are defective in gene expression. J Virol. 1992 May;66(5):2916–2927. doi: 10.1128/jvi.66.5.2916-2927.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Dignam J. D., Lebovitz R. M., Roeder R. G. Accurate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II in a soluble extract from isolated mammalian nuclei. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Mar 11;11(5):1475–1489. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.5.1475. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Everett R. D. A detailed mutational analysis of Vmw110, a trans-acting transcriptional activator encoded by herpes simplex virus type 1. EMBO J. 1987 Jul;6(7):2069–2076. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02472.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Everett R. D. Analysis of the functional domains of herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate-early polypeptide Vmw110. J Mol Biol. 1988 Jul 5;202(1):87–96. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(88)90521-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Everett R. D. Construction and characterization of herpes simplex virus type 1 mutants with defined lesions in immediate early gene 1. J Gen Virol. 1989 May;70(Pt 5):1185–1202. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-70-5-1185. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Everett R. D., Orr A., Elliott M. High level expression and purification of herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate early polypeptide Vmw110. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Nov 25;19(22):6155–6161. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.22.6155. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Everett R. D. Trans activation of transcription by herpes virus products: requirement for two HSV-1 immediate-early polypeptides for maximum activity. EMBO J. 1984 Dec 20;3(13):3135–3141. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb02270.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Friedman A. D., Triezenberg S. J., McKnight S. L. Expression of a truncated viral trans-activator selectively impedes lytic infection by its cognate virus. Nature. 1988 Sep 29;335(6189):452–454. doi: 10.1038/335452a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Gao M., Knipe D. M. Potential role for herpes simplex virus ICP8 DNA replication protein in stimulation of late gene expression. J Virol. 1991 May;65(5):2666–2675. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.5.2666-2675.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Gelman I. H., Silverstein S. Co-ordinate regulation of herpes simplex virus gene expression is mediated by the functional interaction of two immediate early gene products. J Mol Biol. 1986 Oct 5;191(3):395–409. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(86)90135-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Gelman I. H., Silverstein S. Herpes simplex virus immediate-early promoters are responsive to virus and cell trans-acting factors. J Virol. 1987 Jul;61(7):2286–2296. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.7.2286-2296.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Gelman I. H., Silverstein S. Identification of immediate early genes from herpes simplex virus that transactivate the virus thymidine kinase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(16):5265–5269. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.16.5265. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Gill G., Ptashne M. Negative effect of the transcriptional activator GAL4. Nature. 1988 Aug 25;334(6184):721–724. doi: 10.1038/334721a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Jang K. L., Pulverer B., Woodgett J. R., Latchman D. S. Activation of the cellular transcription factor AP-1 in herpes simplex virus infected cells is dependent on the viral immediate-early protein ICPO. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Sep 25;19(18):4879–4883. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.18.4879. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Kristie T. M., Roizman B. Host cell proteins bind to the cis-acting site required for virion-mediated induction of herpes simplex virus 1 alpha genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jan;84(1):71–75. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.1.71. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Kryszke M. H., Piette J., Yaniv M. Induction of a factor that binds to the polyoma virus A enhancer on differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells. Nature. 1987 Jul 16;328(6127):254–256. doi: 10.1038/328254a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Kwong A. D., Frenkel N. The herpes simplex virus virion host shutoff function. J Virol. 1989 Nov;63(11):4834–4839. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.11.4834-4839.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Lambert P. F., Spalholz B. A., Howley P. M. A transcriptional repressor encoded by BPV-1 shares a common carboxy-terminal domain with the E2 transactivator. Cell. 1987 Jul 3;50(1):69–78. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90663-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. McBride A. A., Byrne J. C., Howley P. M. E2 polypeptides encoded by bovine papillomavirus type 1 form dimers through the common carboxyl-terminal domain: transactivation is mediated by the conserved amino-terminal domain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(2):510–514. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.2.510. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Metzler D. W., Wilcox K. W. Isolation of herpes simplex virus regulatory protein ICP4 as a homodimeric complex. J Virol. 1985 Aug;55(2):329–337. doi: 10.1128/jvi.55.2.329-337.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. O'Hare P., Goding C. R., Haigh A. Direct combinatorial interaction between a herpes simplex virus regulatory protein and a cellular octamer-binding factor mediates specific induction of virus immediate-early gene expression. EMBO J. 1988 Dec 20;7(13):4231–4238. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03320.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. O'Hare P., Hayward G. S. Evidence for a direct role for both the 175,000- and 110,000-molecular-weight immediate-early proteins of herpes simplex virus in the transactivation of delayed-early promoters. J Virol. 1985 Mar;53(3):751–760. doi: 10.1128/jvi.53.3.751-760.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. O'Hare P., Hayward G. S. Three trans-acting regulatory proteins of herpes simplex virus modulate immediate-early gene expression in a pathway involving positive and negative feedback regulation. J Virol. 1985 Dec;56(3):723–733. doi: 10.1128/jvi.56.3.723-733.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Papavassiliou A. G., Silverstein S. J. Characterization of DNA-protein complex formation in nuclear extracts with a sequence from the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jan 25;265(3):1648–1657. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Perry L. J., Rixon F. J., Everett R. D., Frame M. C., McGeoch D. J. Characterization of the IE110 gene of herpes simplex virus type 1. J Gen Virol. 1986 Nov;67(Pt 11):2365–2380. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-67-11-2365. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Post L. E., Mackem S., Roizman B. Regulation of alpha genes of herpes simplex virus: expression of chimeric genes produced by fusion of thymidine kinase with alpha gene promoters. Cell. 1981 May;24(2):555–565. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90346-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Preston C. M., Frame M. C., Campbell M. E. A complex formed between cell components and an HSV structural polypeptide binds to a viral immediate early gene regulatory DNA sequence. Cell. 1988 Feb 12;52(3):425–434. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(88)80035-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Ptashne M. How eukaryotic transcriptional activators work. Nature. 1988 Oct 20;335(6192):683–689. doi: 10.1038/335683a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Quinlan M. P., Knipe D. M. Stimulation of expression of a herpes simplex virus DNA-binding protein by two viral functions. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 May;5(5):957–963. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.5.957. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Shepard A. A., Tolentino P., DeLuca N. A. trans-dominant inhibition of herpes simplex virus transcriptional regulatory protein ICP4 by heterodimer formation. J Virol. 1990 Aug;64(8):3916–3926. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.8.3916-3926.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Smith I. L., Sekulovich R. E., Hardwicke M. A., Sandri-Goldin R. M. Mutations in the activation region of herpes simplex virus regulatory protein ICP27 can be trans dominant. J Virol. 1991 Jul;65(7):3656–3666. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.7.3656-3666.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Stow N. D., Stow E. C. Isolation and characterization of a herpes simplex virus type 1 mutant containing a deletion within the gene encoding the immediate early polypeptide Vmw110. J Gen Virol. 1986 Dec;67(Pt 12):2571–2585. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-67-12-2571. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Triezenberg S. J., LaMarco K. L., McKnight S. L. Evidence of DNA: protein interactions that mediate HSV-1 immediate early gene activation by VP16. Genes Dev. 1988 Jun;2(6):730–742. doi: 10.1101/gad.2.6.730. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Weber P. C., Wigdahl B. Identification of dominant-negative mutants of the herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate-early protein ICP0. J Virol. 1992 Apr;66(4):2261–2267. doi: 10.1128/jvi.66.4.2261-2267.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Zhu X. X., Chen J. X., Young C. S., Silverstein S. Reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus by adenovirus recombinants encoding mutant IE-0 gene products. J Virol. 1990 Sep;64(9):4489–4498. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.9.4489-4498.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Zhu X. X., Young C. S., Silverstein S. Adenovirus vector expressing functional herpes simplex virus ICP0. J Virol. 1988 Dec;62(12):4544–4553. doi: 10.1128/jvi.62.12.4544-4553.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES