Table 1.
Baseline clinical and genomic characteristics of patients
| Characteristic | Treatment-naive at enrollment, no. (%) | Relapsed at enrollment, no. (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Sample size (N = 109) | 90 (83) | 19 (17) |
| Age, y | ||
| Median | 62 | 60 |
| Range | 20-85 | 24-79 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 53 (59) | 11 (58) |
| Female | 37 (41) | 8 (42) |
| Pathogenesis | ||
| De novo | 60 (66) | 15 (80) |
| Prior myelodysplasia | 14 (16) | 2 (10) |
| Treatment-related | 16 (18) | 2 (10) |
| WHO classification | ||
| AML with recurrent genetic abnormalities | 10 (11) | 0 (0) |
| t(8;21)(q22;q22) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) |
| inv(16)(p13q22) or t(16;16)(p13;q22) | 4 (4) | 0 (0) |
| 11q23 abnormalities | 4 (4) | 0 (0) |
| AML with multilineage dysplasia | 16 (18) | 2 (11) |
| Antecedent MDS | 14 (15) | 2 (100) |
| Without antecedent MDS | 2 (3) | 0 (0) |
| AML, therapy related | 16 (18) | 2 (11) |
| AML, not otherwise specified* | 48 (53) | 15 (78) |
| AML, minimally differentiated | 7 (8) | 0 (0) |
| AML without maturation | 7 (8) | 4 (21) |
| AML with maturation | 7 (8) | 1 (5) |
| Acute myelomonocytic leukemia | 20 (21) | 6 (32) |
| Acute monoblastic leukemia | 3 (3) | 3 (16) |
| Acute erythroid leukemia | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Acute basophilic leukemia | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| FAB classification† | ||
| M0 | 10 (11) | 0 (0) |
| M1 | 13 (14) | 4 (21) |
| M2 | 14 (16) | 2 (11) |
| M3 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| M4 | 32 (36) | 6 (32) |
| M5 | 6 (7) | 3 (16) |
| M6 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| M7 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Cytogenetic class‡ | ||
| Favorable | 6 (7) | 0 (0) |
| Intermediate | 48 (53) | 17 (90) |
| Unfavorable | 36 (40) | 2 (10) |
| No. of karyotypic abnormalities | ||
| 3 or more | 19 (21) | 0 (0) |
| Fewer than 3 | 71 (79) | 19 (100) |
| 5q− status | ||
| Present | 17 (19) | 0 (0) |
| Absent | 73 (81) | 19 (100) |
| 7q− status | ||
| Present | 6 (7) | 2 (10) |
| Absent | 84 (93) | 17 (90) |
| p53 exons 5 to 9 status | ||
| Mutated | 12 (13) | 0 (0) |
| Wild-type | 78 (87) | 19 (100) |
| Flt3 ITD status | ||
| ITD present | 12 (13) | 7 (37) |
| TK-835 mutation present | 2 (3) | 0 (0) |
| Wild-type | 76 (84) | 12 (63) |
| NPM1 status§ | ||
| Mutated | 12 (13) | 11 (58) |
| Wild-type | 78 (87) | 8 (42) |
| Induction type at diagnosis | ||
| Intensive therapy | 0 | 19 (100) |
| Anthracycline plus cytarabine only | 17 (90) | |
| Amonafide plus cytarabine | 1 (5) | |
| Other | 1 (5) |
MDS indicates myleodysplastic syndrome; and FAB, French-American-British.
*
The subtype of AML, not otherwise specified was unavailable in 5 cases.
†
The FAB classification was unspecified in 17 cases.
‡
Based on the SWOG S0106 classification.
§
The NPM1 mutation frequency in normal karyotype AML was 40%