Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Applied and Environmental Microbiology logoLink to Applied and Environmental Microbiology
. 1980 Jun;39(6):1172–1177. doi: 10.1128/aem.39.6.1172-1177.1980

T-2 metabolites in the excreta of broiler chickens administered 3H-labeled T-2 toxin.

T Yoshizawa, S P Swanson, C J Mirocha
PMCID: PMC291502  PMID: 7406486

Abstract

A method for the detection of T-2 metabolites was developed and applied to analysis of metabolites in excreta of broiler chickens administered 3H-labeled T-2 toxin. The method used acetonitrile extraction and partitioning with petroleum ether followed by chromatography on Amberlite XAD-2, Florisil, and Sep-Pak C18. The recovery of T-2 toxin added to the chicken excreta was 73% at a concentration of 0.2 microgram/g. About 80% of orally administered 3H-labeled T-2 toxin was rapidly metabolized to more polar derivatives and eliminated in the excreta within 48 h. T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, neosolaniol, and T-2 tetraol were detected at 0.06 to 1.13% of the total dose, 48 h after administration. Eight unknown derivatives, named TB-1 to TB-8, were quantitatively more significant than the metabolites above. TB-3 and TB-9 represented about 12 and 25% of the total dose, respectively. One of the metabolites (TB-6), 1.5% of the total dose, was identified as 4-deacetylneosolaniol (15-acetyl-3 alpha, 4 beta, 8 alpha-trihydroxy-12, 13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene).

Full text

PDF
1172

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Chi M. S., Robison T. S., Mirocha C. J., Behrens J. C., Shimoda W. Transmission of radioactivity into eggs from laying hens (Gallus domesticus) administered tritium labeled T-2 toxin. Poult Sci. 1978 Sep;57(5):1234–1238. doi: 10.3382/ps.0571234. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chi M. S., Robison T. S., Mirocha C. J., Swanson S. P., Shimoda W. Excretion and tissue distribution of radioactivity from tritium-labeled T-2 toxin in chicks. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1978 Aug;45(2):391–402. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(78)90103-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Ellison R. A., Kotsonis F. N. In vitro metabolism of T-2 toxin. Appl Microbiol. 1974 Feb;27(2):423–424. doi: 10.1128/am.27.2.423-424.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Ghosal S., Biswas K., Srivastava R. S., Chakrabarti D. K., Chaudhary K. C. Toxic substances produced by Fusarium V: occurrence of zearalenone, diacetoxyscirpenol, and T-2 toxin in moldy corn infected with Fusarium moniliforme Sheld. J Pharm Sci. 1978 Dec;67(12):1768–1769. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600671238. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Hsu I. C., Smalley E. B., Strong F. M., Ribelin W. E. Identification of T-2 toxin in moldy corn associated with a lethal toxicosis in dairy cattle. Appl Microbiol. 1972 Nov;24(5):684–690. doi: 10.1128/am.24.5.684-690.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Matsumoto H., Ito T., Ueno Y. Toxicological approaches to the metabolities of fusaria. XII. Fate and distribution of T-2 toxin in mice. Jpn J Exp Med. 1978 Oct;48(5):393–399. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Mirocha C. J., Pathre S. V., Schauerhamer B., Christensen C. M. Natural occurrence of Fusarium toxins in feedstuff. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1976 Oct;32(4):553–556. doi: 10.1128/aem.32.4.553-556.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Mirocha C. J., Schauerhamer B., Christensen C. M., Kommedahl T. Zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, and T-2 toxin associated with stalk rot in corn. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Sep;38(3):557–558. doi: 10.1128/aem.38.3.557-558.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Puls R., Greenway J. A. Fusariotoxicosis from barley in British Columbia. II. Analysis and toxicity of syspected barley. Can J Comp Med. 1976 Jan;40(1):16–19. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Robison T. S., Mirocha C. J., Kurtz H. J., Behrens J. C., Chi M. S., Weaver G. A., Nystrom S. D. Transmission of T-2 toxin into bovine and porcine milk. J Dairy Sci. 1979 Apr;62(4):637–641. doi: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(79)83301-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Rukmini C., Bhat R. V. Occurrence of T-2 toxin in Fusarium-infested sorghum from India. J Agric Food Chem. 1978 May-Jun;26(3):647–649. doi: 10.1021/jf60217a013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Szathmary C. I., Mirocha C. J., Palyusik M., Pathre S. V. Identification of mycotoxins produced by species of Fusarium and Stachybotrys obtained from Eastern Europe. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1976 Oct;32(4):579–584. doi: 10.1128/aem.32.4.579-584.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Ueno Y., Ishii K., Sakai K., Kanaeda S., Tsunoda H. Toxicological approaches to the metabolites of Fusaria. IV. Microbial survey on "bean-hulls poisoning of horses" with the isolation of toxic trichothecenes, neosolaniol and T-2 toxin of Fusarium solani M-1-1. Jpn J Exp Med. 1972 Jun;42(3):187–203. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ueno Y., Sato N., Ishii K., Sakai K., Enomoto M. Toxicological approaches to the metabolites of Fusaria. V. Neosolaniol, T-2 toxin and butenolide, toxic metabolites of Fusarium sporotrichioides NRRL 3510 and Fusarium poae 3287. Jpn J Exp Med. 1972 Oct;42(5):461–472. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Vesonder R. F., Ciegler A., Rogers R. F., Burbridge K. A., Bothast R. J., Jensen A. H. Survey of 1977 crop year preharvest corn for vomitoxin. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1978 Dec;36(6):885–888. doi: 10.1128/aem.36.6.885-888.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Wallace E. M., Pathre S. V., Mirocha C. J., Robison T. S., Fenton S. W. Synthesis of radiolabeled T-2 toxin. J Agric Food Chem. 1977 Jul-Aug;25(4):836–838. doi: 10.1021/jf60212a058. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Applied and Environmental Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES