Abstract
Scanning electron microscopy, light microscopy, and direct isolations were used to examine the distribution and diversity of bacteria in the gut tracts of larval stages of Tipula abdominalis. The animal had an enlarged hindgut which housed a diverse bacterial community in the lumen and directly attached to the gut wall. Distinct localization was noted, with the most dense and most diverse community anterior to the rectum. A distinct architecture of bacteria occurred in this region, characterized by a layering or a “weblike” array of filamentous bacteria overlying mats of bacteria closely associated with the gut wall. Although morphological diversity was high in the hindgut, filamentous bacteria were the dominant morphology observed. The attached microbiota, sloughed during ecdysis, recolonized to the same density and diversity observed before the molt. The majority of the isolatable bacterial types were facultatively anaerobic. The distinct localization and attached nature of the hindgut bacteria and the recolonization after each molt suggest they are indigenous to this region of the gut tract.
Full text
PDF
Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Arank A., Syed S. A., Kenney E. B., Freter R. Isolation of anaerobic bacteria from human gingiva and mouse cecum by means of a simplified glove box procedure. Appl Microbiol. 1969 Apr;17(4):568–576. doi: 10.1128/am.17.4.568-576.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Breznak J. A., Pankratz H. S. In situ morphology of the gut microbiota of wood-eating termites [Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) and Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki]. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1977 Feb;33(2):406–426. doi: 10.1128/aem.33.2.406-426.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Foglesong M. A., Walker D. H., Jr, Puffer J. S., Markovetz A. J. Ultrastructal morphology of some prokaryotic microorganisms associated with the hindgut of cockroaches. J Bacteriol. 1975 Jul;123(1):336–345. doi: 10.1128/jb.123.1.336-345.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LUFT J. H. Improvements in epoxy resin embedding methods. J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1961 Feb;9:409–414. doi: 10.1083/jcb.9.2.409. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Savage D. C. Associations of indigenous microorganisms with gastrointestinal mucosal epithelia. Am J Clin Nutr. 1970 Nov;23(11):1495–1501. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/23.11.1495. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Savage D. C., Blumershine R. V. Surface-surface associations in microbial communities populating epithelial habitats in the murine gastrointestinal ecosystem: scanning electron microscopy. Infect Immun. 1974 Jul;10(1):240–250. doi: 10.1128/iai.10.1.240-250.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schultz J. E., Breznak J. A. Heterotrophic bacteria present in hindguts of wood-eating termites [Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar)]. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1978 May;35(5):930–936. doi: 10.1128/aem.35.5.930-936.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Staley J. T. Prosthecomicrobium and Ancalomicrobium: new prosthecate freshwater bacteria. J Bacteriol. 1968 May;95(5):1921–1942. doi: 10.1128/jb.95.5.1921-1942.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Steinhaus E. A. A Study of the Bacteria Associated with Thirty Species of Insects. J Bacteriol. 1941 Dec;42(6):757–790. doi: 10.1128/jb.42.6.757-790.1941. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]