Figure 2.

Effect of short-term (A–C) or long-term (D–F) estrogen replacement on KNDy expression in the ARC-ME of young adult and old female rhesus macaques. The values represent the means (±sem) from ovary-intact (black bars), OVX (white bars), and OVX+E₂ (gray bars) animals. In the young age group (A–C), the expression level of KNDy was similar regardless of treatment. In the old animals (D and E), the expression of KiSS-1 and NKB was significantly elevated after OVX and restored to ovary-intact levels by the E₂ treatment; the expression of PDYN (F) in the old animals was not different between treatments. **, P < 0.01, ANOVA followed by Student-Newman-Keuls test.