Full text
PDF






Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Apicella M. A., Mandrell R. E., Shero M., Wilson M. E., Griffiss J. M., Brooks G. F., Lammel C., Breen J. F., Rice P. A. Modification by sialic acid of Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide epitope expression in human urethral exudates: an immunoelectron microscopic analysis. J Infect Dis. 1990 Aug;162(2):506–512. doi: 10.1093/infdis/162.2.506. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Apicella M. A., Shero M., Jarvis G. A., Griffiss J. M., Mandrell R. E., Schneider H. Phenotypic variation in epitope expression of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide. Infect Immun. 1987 Aug;55(8):1755–1761. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.8.1755-1761.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Archibald F. S., Duong M. N. Superoxide dismutase and oxygen toxicity defenses in the genus Neisseria. Infect Immun. 1986 Feb;51(2):631–641. doi: 10.1128/iai.51.2.631-641.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bartlett J. G., Onderdonk A. B., Drude E., Goldstein C., Anderka M., Alpert S., McCormack W. M. Quantitative bacteriology of the vaginal flora. J Infect Dis. 1977 Aug;136(2):271–277. doi: 10.1093/infdis/136.2.271. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bessen D., Gotschlich E. C. Interactions of gonococci with HeLa cells: attachment, detachment, replication, penetration, and the role of protein II. Infect Immun. 1986 Oct;54(1):154–160. doi: 10.1128/iai.54.1.154-160.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Blake M. S., Gotschlich E. C. Gonococcal membrane proteins: speculation on their role in pathogenesis. Prog Allergy. 1983;33:298–313. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Blanton K. J., Biswas G. D., Tsai J., Adams J., Dyer D. W., Davis S. M., Koch G. G., Sen P. K., Sparling P. F. Genetic evidence that Neisseria gonorrhoeae produces specific receptors for transferrin and lactoferrin. J Bacteriol. 1990 Sep;172(9):5225–5235. doi: 10.1128/jb.172.9.5225-5235.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Boslego J. W., Tramont E. C., Chung R. C., McChesney D. G., Ciak J., Sadoff J. C., Piziak M. V., Brown J. D., Brinton C. C., Jr, Wood S. W. Efficacy trial of a parenteral gonococcal pilus vaccine in men. Vaccine. 1991 Mar;9(3):154–162. doi: 10.1016/0264-410x(91)90147-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Britigan B. E., Cohen M. S., Sparling P. F. Gonococcal infection: a model of molecular pathogenesis. N Engl J Med. 1985 Jun 27;312(26):1683–1694. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198506273122606. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Britigan B. E., Klapper D., Svendsen T., Cohen M. S. Phagocyte-derived lactate stimulates oxygen consumption by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. An unrecognized aspect of the oxygen metabolism of phagocytosis. J Clin Invest. 1988 Feb;81(2):318–324. doi: 10.1172/JCI113323. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Carbonetti N. H., Sparling P. F. Molecular cloning and characterization of the structural gene for protein I, the major outer membrane protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(24):9084–9088. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.24.9084. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clamp J. R., Creeth J. M. Some non-mucin components of mucus and their possible biological roles. Ciba Found Symp. 1984;109:121–136. doi: 10.1002/9780470720905.ch9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clark R. A. The human neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase. J Infect Dis. 1990 Jun;161(6):1140–1147. doi: 10.1093/infdis/161.6.1140. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clark V. L., Campbell L. A., Palermo D. A., Evans T. M., Klimpel K. W. Induction and repression of outer membrane proteins by anaerobic growth of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Infect Immun. 1987 Jun;55(6):1359–1364. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.6.1359-1364.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clark V. L., Knapp J. S., Thompson S., Klimpel K. W. Presence of antibodies to the major anaerobically induced gonococcal outer membrane protein in sera from patients with gonococcal infections. Microb Pathog. 1988 Nov;5(5):381–390. doi: 10.1016/0882-4010(88)90038-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cohen M. S., Britigan B. E., Hassett D. J., Rosen G. M. Phagocytes, O2 reduction, and hydroxyl radical. Rev Infect Dis. 1988 Nov-Dec;10(6):1088–1096. doi: 10.1093/clinids/10.6.1088. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Connell T. D., Black W. J., Kawula T. H., Barritt D. S., Dempsey J. A., Kverneland K., Jr, Stephenson A., Schepart B. S., Murphy G. L., Cannon J. G. Recombination among protein II genes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae generates new coding sequences and increases structural variability in the protein II family. Mol Microbiol. 1988 Mar;2(2):227–236. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1988.tb00024.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cooper M. D., Jeffery C., Dever C. A. Electron microscope studies of attachment to human fallopian tube mucosa by a gonococcal IgA1 protease deficient mutant and wild type parent. Scan Electron Microsc. 1984;(Pt 4):1925–1930. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cooper M. D., McGraw P. A., Melly M. A. Localization of gonococcal lipopolysaccharide and its relationship to toxic damage in human fallopian tube mucosa. Infect Immun. 1986 Feb;51(2):425–430. doi: 10.1128/iai.51.2.425-430.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cooper M. D., Moticka E. J. Cellular immune responses during gonococcal and meningococcal infections. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1989 Apr;2 (Suppl):S29–S34. doi: 10.1128/cmr.2.suppl.s29. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Densen P., Gulati S., Rice P. A. Specificity of antibodies against Neisseria gonorrhoeae that stimulate neutrophil chemotaxis. Role of antibodies directed against lipooligosaccharides. J Clin Invest. 1987 Jul;80(1):78–87. doi: 10.1172/JCI113067. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Densen P., MacKeen L. A., Clark R. A. Dissemination of gonococcal infection is associated with delayed stimulation of complement-dependent neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro. Infect Immun. 1982 Nov;38(2):563–572. doi: 10.1128/iai.38.2.563-572.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Densen P., Mandell G. L. Gonococcal interactions with polymorphonuclear neutrophils: importance of the phagosome for bactericidal activity. J Clin Invest. 1978 Dec;62(6):1161–1171. doi: 10.1172/JCI109235. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fu H. S., Hassett D. J., Cohen M. S. Oxidant stress in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: adaptation and effects on L-(+)-lactate dehydrogenase activity. Infect Immun. 1989 Jul;57(7):2173–2178. doi: 10.1128/iai.57.7.2173-2178.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gotschlich E. C., Seiff M., Blake M. S. The DNA sequence of the structural gene of gonococcal protein III and the flanking region containing a repetitive sequence. Homology of protein III with enterobacterial OmpA proteins. J Exp Med. 1987 Feb 1;165(2):471–482. doi: 10.1084/jem.165.2.471. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gregg C. R., Melly M. A., Hellerqvist C. G., Coniglio J. G., McGee Z. A. Toxic activity of purified lipopolysaccharide of Neisseria gonorrhoeae for human fallopian tube mucosa. J Infect Dis. 1981 Mar;143(3):432–439. doi: 10.1093/infdis/143.3.432. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Haas R., Meyer T. F. The repertoire of silent pilus genes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: evidence for gene conversion. Cell. 1986 Jan 17;44(1):107–115. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90489-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hagblom P., Segal E., Billyard E., So M. Intragenic recombination leads to pilus antigenic variation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Nature. 1985 May 9;315(6015):156–158. doi: 10.1038/315156a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Haines K. A., Yeh L., Blake M. S., Cristello P., Korchak H., Weissmann G. Protein I, a translocatable ion channel from Neisseria gonorrhoeae, selectively inhibits exocytosis from human neutrophils without inhibiting O2- generation. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 15;263(2):945–951. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Handsfield H. H., Lipman T. O., Harnisch J. P., Tronca E., Holmes K. K. Asymptomatic gonorrhea in men. Diagnosis, natural course, prevalence and significance. N Engl J Med. 1974 Jan 17;290(3):117–123. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197401172900301. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hassett D. J., Charniga L., Cohen M. S. recA and catalase in H2O2-mediated toxicity in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol. 1990 Dec;172(12):7293–7296. doi: 10.1128/jb.172.12.7293-7296.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hassett D. J., Cohen M. S. Bacterial adaptation to oxidative stress: implications for pathogenesis and interaction with phagocytic cells. FASEB J. 1989 Dec;3(14):2574–2582. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.3.14.2556311. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hildebrandt J. F., Mayer L. W., Wang S. P., Buchanan T. M. Neisseria gonorrhoeae acquire a new principal outer-membrane protein when transformed to resistance to serum bactericidal activity. Infect Immun. 1978 Apr;20(1):267–272. doi: 10.1128/iai.20.1.267-272.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hook E. W., 3rd, Holmes K. K. Gonococcal infections. Ann Intern Med. 1985 Feb;102(2):229–243. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-102-2-229. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ismail G., Sawyer W. D., Wegener W. S. Effect of hydrogen peroxidase and superoxide radical on viability of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and related bacteria. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1977 Jun;155(2):264–269. doi: 10.3181/00379727-155-39786. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ison C. A., Hadfield S. G., Bellinger C. M., Dawson S. G., Glynn A. A. The specificity of serum and local antibodies in female gonorrhoea. Clin Exp Immunol. 1986 Jul;65(1):198–205. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kellogg D. S., Jr, Cohen I. R., Norins L. C., Schroeter A. L., Reising G. Neisseria gonorrhoeae. II. Colonial variation and pathogenicity during 35 months in vitro. J Bacteriol. 1968 Sep;96(3):596–605. doi: 10.1128/jb.96.3.596-605.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lammel C. J., Sweet R. L., Rice P. A., Knapp J. S., Schoolnik G. K., Heilbron D. C., Brooks G. F. Antibody-antigen specificity in the immune response to infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Infect Dis. 1985 Nov;152(5):990–1001. doi: 10.1093/infdis/152.5.990. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lynch E. C., Blake M. S., Gotschlich E. C., Mauro A. Studies of Porins: Spontaneously Transferred from Whole Cells and Reconstituted from Purified Proteins of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis. Biophys J. 1984 Jan;45(1):104–107. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(84)84127-2. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mandrell R. E., Lesse A. J., Sugai J. V., Shero M., Griffiss J. M., Cole J. A., Parsons N. J., Smith H., Morse S. A., Apicella M. A. In vitro and in vivo modification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide epitope structure by sialylation. J Exp Med. 1990 May 1;171(5):1649–1664. doi: 10.1084/jem.171.5.1649. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Martin P. M., Patel P. V., Parsons N. J., Smith H. Induction of serum resistance in recent isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by a low-molecular-weight fraction of guinea pig serum. J Infect Dis. 1983 Aug;148(2):334–334. doi: 10.1093/infdis/148.2.334. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McCall T. B., Boughton-Smith N. K., Palmer R. M., Whittle B. J., Moncada S. Synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine by neutrophils. Release and interaction with superoxide anion. Biochem J. 1989 Jul 1;261(1):293–296. doi: 10.1042/bj2610293. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McGee Z. A., Gregg C. R., Johnson A. P., Kalter S. S., Taylor-Robinson D. The evolutionary watershed of susceptibility to gonococcal infection. Microb Pathog. 1990 Aug;9(2):131–139. doi: 10.1016/0882-4010(90)90087-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McGee Z. A., Woods M. L., Jr Use of organ cultures in microbiological research. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1987;41:291–300. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.41.100187.001451. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McKenna W. R., Mickelsen P. A., Sparling P. F., Dyer D. W. Iron uptake from lactoferrin and transferrin by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Infect Immun. 1988 Apr;56(4):785–791. doi: 10.1128/iai.56.4.785-791.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Murphy G. L., Connell T. D., Barritt D. S., Koomey M., Cannon J. G. Phase variation of gonococcal protein II: regulation of gene expression by slipped-strand mispairing of a repetitive DNA sequence. Cell. 1989 Feb 24;56(4):539–547. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90577-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Norrod P., Morse S. A. Absence of superoxide dismutase in some strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1979 Oct 29;90(4):1287–1294. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(79)91176-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Parsons N. J., Kwaasi A. A., Patel P. V., Martin P. M., Smith H. Association of resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to killing by human phagocytes with outer-membrane proteins of about 20 kilodaltons. J Gen Microbiol. 1985 Mar;131(3):601–610. doi: 10.1099/00221287-131-3-601. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Parsons N. J., Patel P. V., Tan E. L., Andrade J. R., Nairn C. A., Goldner M., Cole J. A., Smith H. Cytidine 5'-monophospho-N-acetyl neuraminic acid and a low molecular weight factor from human blood cells induce lipopolysaccharide alteration in gonococci when conferring resistance to killing by human serum. Microb Pathog. 1988 Oct;5(4):303–309. doi: 10.1016/0882-4010(88)90103-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Paruchuri D. K., Seifert H. S., Ajioka R. S., Karlsson K. A., So M. Identification and characterization of a Neisseria gonorrhoeae gene encoding a glycolipid-binding adhesin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(1):333–337. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.1.333. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Plummer F. A., Simonsen J. N., Chubb H., Slaney L., Kimata J., Bosire M., Ndinya-Achola J. O., Ngugi E. N. Epidemiologic evidence for the development of serovar-specific immunity after gonococcal infection. J Clin Invest. 1989 May;83(5):1472–1476. doi: 10.1172/JCI114040. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rest R. F., Fischer S. H., Ingham Z. Z., Jones J. F. Interactions of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with human neutrophils: effects of serum and gonococcal opacity on phagocyte killing and chemiluminescence. Infect Immun. 1982 May;36(2):737–744. doi: 10.1128/iai.36.2.737-744.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rice P. A., Schachter J. Pathogenesis of pelvic inflammatory disease. What are the questions? JAMA. 1991 Nov 13;266(18):2587–2593. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schneider H., Griffiss J. M., Boslego J. W., Hitchcock P. J., Zahos K. M., Apicella M. A. Expression of paragloboside-like lipooligosaccharides may be a necessary component of gonococcal pathogenesis in men. J Exp Med. 1991 Dec 1;174(6):1601–1605. doi: 10.1084/jem.174.6.1601. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shafer W. M., Onunka V. C., Jannoun M., Huthwaite L. W. Molecular mechanism for the antigonococcal action of lysosomal cathepsin G. Mol Microbiol. 1990 Aug;4(8):1269–1277. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00706.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shafer W. M., Rest R. F. Interactions of gonococci with phagocytic cells. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1989;43:121–145. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.43.100189.001005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- So M., Billyard E., Deal C., Getzoff E., Hagblom P., Meyer T. F., Segal E., Tainer J. Gonococcal pilus: genetics and structure. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1985;118:13–28. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-70586-1_2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Spitznagel J. K. Antibiotic proteins of human neutrophils. J Clin Invest. 1990 Nov;86(5):1381–1386. doi: 10.1172/JCI114851. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Swanson J., Barrera O., Sola J., Boslego J. Expression of outer membrane protein II by gonococci in experimental gonorrhea. J Exp Med. 1988 Dec 1;168(6):2121–2129. doi: 10.1084/jem.168.6.2121. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Swanson J., Robbins K., Barrera O., Corwin D., Boslego J., Ciak J., Blake M., Koomey J. M. Gonococcal pilin variants in experimental gonorrhea. J Exp Med. 1987 May 1;165(5):1344–1357. doi: 10.1084/jem.165.5.1344. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Swanson J., Sparks E., Young D., King G. Studies on Gonococcus infection. X. Pili and leukocyte association factor as mediators of interactions between gonococci and eukaryotic cells in vitro. Infect Immun. 1975 Jun;11(6):1352–1361. doi: 10.1128/iai.11.6.1352-1361.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tramont E. C. Inhibition of adherence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by human genital secretions. J Clin Invest. 1977 Jan;59(1):117–124. doi: 10.1172/JCI108608. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Virji M., Heckels J. E. The effect of protein II and pili on the interaction of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. J Gen Microbiol. 1986 Feb;132(2):503–512. doi: 10.1099/00221287-132-2-503. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Virji M., Zak K., Heckels J. E. Monoclonal antibodies to gonococcal outer membrane protein IB: use in investigation of the potential protective effect of antibodies directed against conserved and type-specific epitopes. J Gen Microbiol. 1986 Jun;132(6):1621–1629. doi: 10.1099/00221287-132-6-1621. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weel J. F., Hopman C. T., van Putten J. P. In situ expression and localization of Neisseria gonorrhoeae opacity proteins in infected epithelial cells: apparent role of Opa proteins in cellular invasion. J Exp Med. 1991 Jun 1;173(6):1395–1405. doi: 10.1084/jem.173.6.1395. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wetzler L. M., Barry K., Blake M. S., Gotschlich E. C. Gonococcal lipooligosaccharide sialylation prevents complement-dependent killing by immune sera. Infect Immun. 1992 Jan;60(1):39–43. doi: 10.1128/iai.60.1.39-43.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wetzler L. M., Gotschlich E. C., Blake M. S., Koomey J. M. The construction and characterization of Neisseria gonorrhoeae lacking protein III in its outer membrane. J Exp Med. 1989 Jun 1;169(6):2199–2209. doi: 10.1084/jem.169.6.2199. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]