Abstract
The molecule of the title compound, C16H12Cl2O, adopts an E configuration. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 42.09 (5)°. In the crystal structure, molecules are linked into a three-dimensional framework by weak C—H⋯O interactions and by C—H⋯π interactions involving the methylphenyl ring.
Related literature
For related literature, see: Agrinskaya et al. (1999 ▶); Gu et al. (2008 ▶); Patil et al. (2006 ▶); Patil, Dharmaprakash et al. (2007 ▶); Patil, Teh et al. (2007 ▶).
Experimental
Crystal data
C16H12Cl2O
M r = 291.16
Orthorhombic,
a = 12.54850 (1) Å
b = 7.47750 (1) Å
c = 28.7764 (3) Å
V = 2700.13 (3) Å3
Z = 8
Mo Kα radiation
μ = 0.47 mm−1
T = 100.0 (1) K
0.47 × 0.39 × 0.20 mm
Data collection
Bruker SMART APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005 ▶) T min = 0.811, T max = 0.914
50054 measured reflections
7296 independent reflections
4995 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
R int = 0.052
Refinement
R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)] = 0.045
wR(F 2) = 0.148
S = 1.07
7296 reflections
173 parameters
H-atom parameters constrained
Δρmax = 0.64 e Å−3
Δρmin = −0.53 e Å−3
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005 ▶); cell refinement: APEX2; data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2005 ▶); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: SHELXTL; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL and PLATON (Spek, 2003 ▶).
Supplementary Material
Crystal structure: contains datablocks global, I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536808011008/ci2584sup1.cif
Structure factors: contains datablocks I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536808011008/ci2584Isup2.hkl
Additional supplementary materials: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
Table 1. Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °).
| D—H⋯A | D—H | H⋯A | D⋯A | D—H⋯A |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C2—H2⋯O1i | 0.93 | 2.55 | 3.4352 (15) | 159 |
| C8—H8⋯O1ii | 0.93 | 2.55 | 3.1995 (14) | 127 |
| C11—H11⋯Cg1iii | 0.93 | 2.81 | 3.5611 (13) | 139 |
| C14—H14⋯Cg1iv | 0.93 | 2.93 | 3.7066 (13) | 142 |
Symmetry codes: (i)
; (ii)
; (iii)
; (iv)
. Cg1 is the centroid of the C10–C15 benzene ring.
Acknowledgments
FHK and SRJ thank the Malaysian Government and Universiti Sains Malaysia for the Science Fund grant No. 305/PFIZIK/613312. SRJ thanks the Universiti Sains Malaysia for the award of a post-doctoral research fellowship. PSP thanks the DRDO, Government of India, for a Senior Research Fellowship (SRF). This work is also supported by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, under grant No. SR/S2/LOP-17/2006.
supplementary crystallographic information
Comment
Chalcone derivatives have been studied extensively owing to their fascinating, technologically relevant nonlinear optical properties (Gu et al., 2008; Agrinskaya et al., 1999; Patil et al., 2006; Patil, Dharmaprakash et al., 2007; Patil, Teh et al., 2007).
The title molecule exhibits an E configuration with respect to the C8═C9 double bond [1.3424 (14) Å]; the C7—C8—-C9—-C10 torsion angle is 179.61 (11)°. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 42.09 (5)°. The bond lengths and angles in the title molecule have normal values.
The crystal structure is stabilized by weak C—H···O intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions (Table 1), which link the molecules into a three-dimensional framework (Fig. 2). In addition weak C—H..π interactions involving the C10—C15 benzene ring (centroid Cg1) is observed.
Experimental
The title compound was synthesized by the condensation of p-tolualdehyde (0.01 mol) with 2,4-dichloroacetophenone (0.01 mol) in methanol (60 ml) in the presence of a catalytic amount of sodium hydroxide solution (5 ml, 30%). After stirring for 2 h, the contents of the flask were poured into ice-cold water (500 ml) and left to stand for 5 h. The resulting crude solid was collected by filtration and dried. Crystals suitable for single-crystal X-ray diffraction were grown by slow evaporation of an acetone solution at room temperature.
Refinement
H atoms were positioned geometrically [C-H = 0.93 (aromatic) or 0.96 Å (methyl)] and refined using a riding model, with Uiso(H) = 1.5Ueq(methyl C) or 1.2Ueq(C).
Figures
Fig. 1.
The molecular structure of the title compound, showing 50% probability displacement ellipsoids and the atom numbering scheme.
Fig. 2.
The crystal packing of the title compound, viewed approximately along the a axis. Hydrogen bonds are shown as dashed lines.
Crystal data
| C16H12Cl2O | F000 = 1200 |
| Mr = 291.16 | Dx = 1.432 Mg m−3 |
| Orthorhombic, Pbca | Mo Kα radiation λ = 0.71073 Å |
| Hall symbol: -P 2ac 2ab | Cell parameters from 9639 reflections |
| a = 12.54850 (1) Å | θ = 2.8–34.6º |
| b = 7.47750 (1) Å | µ = 0.47 mm−1 |
| c = 28.7764 (3) Å | T = 100.0 (1) K |
| V = 2700.13 (3) Å3 | Block, colourless |
| Z = 8 | 0.47 × 0.39 × 0.20 mm |
Data collection
| Bruker SMART APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer | 7296 independent reflections |
| Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 4995 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
| Monochromator: graphite | Rint = 0.052 |
| T = 100.0(1) K | θmax = 37.9º |
| φ and ω scans | θmin = 1.4º |
| Absorption correction: multi-scan(SADABS; Bruker, 2005) | h = −21→21 |
| Tmin = 0.811, Tmax = 0.914 | k = −12→12 |
| 50054 measured reflections | l = −48→49 |
Refinement
| Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
| Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
| R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.045 | H-atom parameters constrained |
| wR(F2) = 0.148 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.078P)2 + 0.0443P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
| S = 1.07 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
| 7296 reflections | Δρmax = 0.64 e Å−3 |
| 173 parameters | Δρmin = −0.53 e Å−3 |
| Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Extinction correction: none |
Special details
| Experimental. The data was collected with the Oxford Cyrosystem Cobra low-temperature attachment. |
| Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
| Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2)
| x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
| Cl1 | 0.46470 (2) | 0.76088 (4) | 0.057148 (10) | 0.02125 (8) | |
| Cl2 | 0.36980 (3) | 0.56187 (5) | −0.116828 (9) | 0.02538 (9) | |
| O1 | 0.13288 (7) | 0.72551 (12) | 0.08499 (3) | 0.02032 (17) | |
| C1 | 0.37202 (9) | 0.67308 (15) | 0.01850 (4) | 0.0158 (2) | |
| C2 | 0.40554 (10) | 0.64861 (15) | −0.02709 (4) | 0.0177 (2) | |
| H2 | 0.4759 | 0.6696 | −0.0356 | 0.021* | |
| C3 | 0.33080 (10) | 0.59184 (15) | −0.05947 (4) | 0.0177 (2) | |
| C4 | 0.22518 (9) | 0.56292 (16) | −0.04764 (4) | 0.0183 (2) | |
| H4 | 0.1760 | 0.5265 | −0.0699 | 0.022* | |
| C5 | 0.19470 (9) | 0.58948 (15) | −0.00210 (4) | 0.0173 (2) | |
| H5 | 0.1238 | 0.5715 | 0.0060 | 0.021* | |
| C6 | 0.26690 (9) | 0.64245 (14) | 0.03220 (3) | 0.01531 (19) | |
| C7 | 0.22310 (9) | 0.66606 (15) | 0.08060 (4) | 0.0165 (2) | |
| C8 | 0.28861 (9) | 0.60913 (15) | 0.12039 (4) | 0.0168 (2) | |
| H8 | 0.3512 | 0.5458 | 0.1151 | 0.020* | |
| C9 | 0.25956 (10) | 0.64712 (15) | 0.16419 (4) | 0.0168 (2) | |
| H9 | 0.1962 | 0.7100 | 0.1680 | 0.020* | |
| C10 | 0.31720 (9) | 0.59981 (15) | 0.20655 (4) | 0.01556 (19) | |
| C11 | 0.27256 (10) | 0.64353 (15) | 0.24970 (4) | 0.0179 (2) | |
| H11 | 0.2075 | 0.7031 | 0.2508 | 0.021* | |
| C12 | 0.32405 (10) | 0.59919 (16) | 0.29076 (4) | 0.0189 (2) | |
| H12 | 0.2929 | 0.6294 | 0.3190 | 0.023* | |
| C13 | 0.42150 (10) | 0.51030 (16) | 0.29039 (4) | 0.0182 (2) | |
| C14 | 0.46702 (9) | 0.46835 (16) | 0.24731 (4) | 0.0185 (2) | |
| H14 | 0.5325 | 0.4102 | 0.2463 | 0.022* | |
| C15 | 0.41598 (9) | 0.51215 (16) | 0.20617 (4) | 0.0177 (2) | |
| H15 | 0.4476 | 0.4831 | 0.1779 | 0.021* | |
| C16 | 0.47564 (11) | 0.45835 (18) | 0.33516 (4) | 0.0251 (3) | |
| H16A | 0.4802 | 0.5608 | 0.3552 | 0.038* | |
| H16B | 0.5460 | 0.4149 | 0.3286 | 0.038* | |
| H16C | 0.4352 | 0.3662 | 0.3503 | 0.038* |
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2)
| U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
| Cl1 | 0.01778 (15) | 0.02973 (16) | 0.01623 (13) | −0.00376 (10) | −0.00292 (9) | −0.00163 (10) |
| Cl2 | 0.02586 (17) | 0.03750 (18) | 0.01277 (12) | 0.00235 (12) | 0.00091 (10) | −0.00154 (10) |
| O1 | 0.0168 (4) | 0.0256 (4) | 0.0185 (4) | 0.0022 (3) | −0.0001 (3) | −0.0017 (3) |
| C1 | 0.0158 (5) | 0.0171 (5) | 0.0145 (4) | 0.0009 (4) | −0.0025 (4) | −0.0003 (3) |
| C2 | 0.0158 (5) | 0.0216 (5) | 0.0157 (4) | 0.0016 (4) | 0.0004 (4) | 0.0001 (4) |
| C3 | 0.0213 (6) | 0.0200 (5) | 0.0117 (4) | 0.0020 (4) | −0.0010 (4) | 0.0007 (3) |
| C4 | 0.0183 (5) | 0.0210 (5) | 0.0156 (4) | −0.0001 (4) | −0.0043 (4) | −0.0007 (4) |
| C5 | 0.0166 (5) | 0.0198 (5) | 0.0154 (4) | −0.0007 (4) | −0.0014 (4) | 0.0005 (4) |
| C6 | 0.0177 (5) | 0.0155 (4) | 0.0127 (4) | 0.0013 (4) | −0.0010 (4) | 0.0012 (3) |
| C7 | 0.0191 (5) | 0.0152 (4) | 0.0153 (4) | −0.0006 (4) | 0.0005 (4) | −0.0008 (3) |
| C8 | 0.0188 (5) | 0.0172 (5) | 0.0144 (4) | 0.0018 (4) | 0.0001 (4) | 0.0001 (3) |
| C9 | 0.0170 (5) | 0.0173 (5) | 0.0159 (4) | −0.0006 (4) | 0.0003 (4) | −0.0001 (3) |
| C10 | 0.0177 (5) | 0.0163 (4) | 0.0127 (4) | −0.0004 (4) | 0.0012 (4) | −0.0001 (3) |
| C11 | 0.0180 (5) | 0.0200 (5) | 0.0156 (4) | 0.0021 (4) | 0.0006 (4) | −0.0008 (4) |
| C12 | 0.0222 (6) | 0.0218 (5) | 0.0126 (4) | 0.0004 (4) | 0.0013 (4) | −0.0008 (4) |
| C13 | 0.0204 (6) | 0.0184 (5) | 0.0158 (5) | −0.0024 (4) | −0.0019 (4) | 0.0007 (4) |
| C14 | 0.0168 (5) | 0.0207 (5) | 0.0179 (5) | 0.0013 (4) | 0.0002 (4) | 0.0001 (4) |
| C15 | 0.0175 (5) | 0.0209 (5) | 0.0149 (4) | 0.0013 (4) | 0.0009 (4) | −0.0002 (4) |
| C16 | 0.0284 (7) | 0.0290 (6) | 0.0179 (5) | 0.0016 (5) | −0.0058 (5) | 0.0011 (4) |
Geometric parameters (Å, °)
| Cl1—C1 | 1.7380 (11) | C9—C10 | 1.4609 (15) |
| Cl2—C3 | 1.7360 (11) | C9—H9 | 0.93 |
| O1—C7 | 1.2228 (14) | C10—C11 | 1.4008 (15) |
| C1—C2 | 1.3895 (15) | C10—C15 | 1.4022 (17) |
| C1—C6 | 1.3957 (16) | C11—C12 | 1.3871 (16) |
| C2—C3 | 1.3887 (16) | C11—H11 | 0.93 |
| C2—H2 | 0.93 | C12—C13 | 1.3919 (18) |
| C3—C4 | 1.3854 (17) | C12—H12 | 0.93 |
| C4—C5 | 1.3795 (15) | C13—C14 | 1.4006 (16) |
| C4—H4 | 0.93 | C13—C16 | 1.5072 (16) |
| C5—C6 | 1.3971 (15) | C14—C15 | 1.3855 (16) |
| C5—H5 | 0.93 | C14—H14 | 0.93 |
| C6—C7 | 1.5077 (15) | C15—H15 | 0.93 |
| C7—C8 | 1.4725 (15) | C16—H16A | 0.96 |
| C8—C9 | 1.3424 (14) | C16—H16B | 0.96 |
| C8—H8 | 0.93 | C16—H16C | 0.96 |
| C2—C1—C6 | 122.08 (10) | C10—C9—H9 | 116.6 |
| C2—C1—Cl1 | 116.83 (9) | C11—C10—C15 | 118.00 (10) |
| C6—C1—Cl1 | 120.90 (8) | C11—C10—C9 | 119.02 (10) |
| C3—C2—C1 | 118.00 (11) | C15—C10—C9 | 122.98 (10) |
| C3—C2—H2 | 121.0 | C12—C11—C10 | 120.88 (11) |
| C1—C2—H2 | 121.0 | C12—C11—H11 | 119.6 |
| C4—C3—C2 | 121.92 (10) | C10—C11—H11 | 119.6 |
| C4—C3—Cl2 | 118.90 (9) | C11—C12—C13 | 121.12 (10) |
| C2—C3—Cl2 | 119.15 (10) | C11—C12—H12 | 119.4 |
| C5—C4—C3 | 118.45 (10) | C13—C12—H12 | 119.4 |
| C5—C4—H4 | 120.8 | C12—C13—C14 | 118.17 (10) |
| C3—C4—H4 | 120.8 | C12—C13—C16 | 120.83 (10) |
| C4—C5—C6 | 122.15 (11) | C14—C13—C16 | 120.99 (11) |
| C4—C5—H5 | 118.9 | C15—C14—C13 | 121.00 (11) |
| C6—C5—H5 | 118.9 | C15—C14—H14 | 119.5 |
| C1—C6—C5 | 117.38 (10) | C13—C14—H14 | 119.5 |
| C1—C6—C7 | 125.90 (10) | C14—C15—C10 | 120.83 (10) |
| C5—C6—C7 | 116.70 (10) | C14—C15—H15 | 119.6 |
| O1—C7—C8 | 122.79 (10) | C10—C15—H15 | 119.6 |
| O1—C7—C6 | 118.40 (10) | C13—C16—H16A | 109.5 |
| C8—C7—C6 | 118.75 (10) | C13—C16—H16B | 109.5 |
| C9—C8—C7 | 121.15 (11) | H16A—C16—H16B | 109.5 |
| C9—C8—H8 | 119.4 | C13—C16—H16C | 109.5 |
| C7—C8—H8 | 119.4 | H16A—C16—H16C | 109.5 |
| C8—C9—C10 | 126.71 (11) | H16B—C16—H16C | 109.5 |
| C8—C9—H9 | 116.6 | ||
| C6—C1—C2—C3 | 0.00 (17) | C5—C6—C7—C8 | 141.55 (11) |
| Cl1—C1—C2—C3 | −175.09 (9) | O1—C7—C8—C9 | −11.25 (18) |
| C1—C2—C3—C4 | 1.20 (17) | C6—C7—C8—C9 | 171.61 (10) |
| C1—C2—C3—Cl2 | 179.44 (9) | C7—C8—C9—C10 | −179.61 (11) |
| C2—C3—C4—C5 | −0.88 (17) | C8—C9—C10—C11 | −177.16 (12) |
| Cl2—C3—C4—C5 | −179.12 (9) | C8—C9—C10—C15 | 2.91 (19) |
| C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.67 (17) | C15—C10—C11—C12 | −0.83 (17) |
| C2—C1—C6—C5 | −1.44 (17) | C9—C10—C11—C12 | 179.24 (11) |
| Cl1—C1—C6—C5 | 173.45 (9) | C10—C11—C12—C13 | 0.09 (19) |
| C2—C1—C6—C7 | −179.70 (10) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | 0.69 (18) |
| Cl1—C1—C6—C7 | −4.80 (16) | C11—C12—C13—C16 | −178.42 (11) |
| C4—C5—C6—C1 | 1.79 (17) | C12—C13—C14—C15 | −0.73 (18) |
| C4—C5—C6—C7 | −179.80 (10) | C16—C13—C14—C15 | 178.38 (11) |
| C1—C6—C7—O1 | 142.55 (12) | C13—C14—C15—C10 | −0.01 (18) |
| C5—C6—C7—O1 | −35.72 (15) | C11—C10—C15—C14 | 0.79 (17) |
| C1—C6—C7—C8 | −40.19 (15) | C9—C10—C15—C14 | −179.29 (11) |
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)
| D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
| C2—H2···O1i | 0.93 | 2.55 | 3.4352 (15) | 159 |
| C8—H8···O1ii | 0.93 | 2.55 | 3.1995 (14) | 127 |
| C11—H11···Cg1iii | 0.93 | 2.81 | 3.5611 (13) | 139 |
| C14—H14···Cg1iv | 0.93 | 2.93 | 3.7066 (13) | 142 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x+1/2, −y+3/2, −z; (ii) −x+1/2, y−1/2, z; (iii) −x+1/2, y+1/2, z; (iv) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+1/2.
Footnotes
Supplementary data and figures for this paper are available from the IUCr electronic archives (Reference: CI2584).
References
- Agrinskaya, N. V., Lukoshkin, V. A., Kudryavtsev, V. V., Nosova, G. I., Solovskaya, N. A. & Yakimanski, A. V. (1999). Phys. Solid State, 41, 1914–1917.
- Bruker (2005). APEX2, SAINT and SADABS Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
- Gu, B., Ji, W., Patil, P. S., Dharmaprakash, S. M. & Wang, H. T. (2008). Appl. Phys. Lett.92, 091118–091120.
- Patil, P. S., Dharmaprakash, S. M., Fun, H.-K. & Karthikeyan, M. S. (2006). J. Cryst. Growth, 297, 111–116.
- Patil, P. S., Dharmaprakash, S. M., Ramakrishna, K., Fun, H.-K., Sai Santosh Kumar, R. & Rao, D. N. (2007). J. Cryst. Growth, 303, 520–524.
- Patil, P. S., Teh, J. B.-J., Fun, H.-K., Razak, I. A. & Dharmaprakash, S. M. (2007). Acta Cryst. E63, o2122–o2123.
- Sheldrick, G. M. (2008). Acta Cryst. A64, 112–122. [DOI] [PubMed]
- Spek, A. L. (2003). J. Appl. Cryst.36, 7–13.
Associated Data
This section collects any data citations, data availability statements, or supplementary materials included in this article.
Supplementary Materials
Crystal structure: contains datablocks global, I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536808011008/ci2584sup1.cif
Structure factors: contains datablocks I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536808011008/ci2584Isup2.hkl
Additional supplementary materials: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report


