Abstract
IgG viral antibodies for herpes simplex virus -1, varicella zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, measles and mumps were studied in 76 subjects with obsessive compulsive disorder and compared with a control population. There was a significantly higher titre for some of the antibodies, most specifically for herpes simplex virus type 1 and mumps. This suggests a possible role for these viral infections in the pathogenesis of obsessive compulsive disorder.
Keywords: viral antibodies, OCD, herpes simplex, measles, varicella, CMV, mumps
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (256.6 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Abbey S. E., Garfinkel P. E. Chronic fatigue syndrome and the psychiatrist. Can J Psychiatry. 1990 Oct;35(7):625–633. doi: 10.1177/070674379003500714. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Altshuler L. L., Casanova M. F., Goldberg T. E., Kleinman J. E. The hippocampus and parahippocampus in schizophrenia, suicide, and control brains. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1990 Nov;47(11):1029–1034. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810230045008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Barton R. Diabetes insipidus and obsessional neurosis. A syndrome. Lancet. 1965 Jan 16;1(7377):133–135. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(65)91092-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cooper J. The Leyton obsessional inventory. Psychol Med. 1970 Nov;1(1):48–64. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700040010. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- DRACHMAN D. A., ADAMS R. D. Herpes simplex and acute inclusion-body encephalitis. Arch Neurol. 1962 Jul;7:45–63. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1962.04210010051005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Damasio A. R., Van Hoesen G. W. The limbic system and the localisation of herpes simplex encephalitis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1985 Apr;48(4):297–301. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.48.4.297. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Davis L. E., Johnson R. T. An explanation for the localization of herpes simplex encephalitis? Ann Neurol. 1979 Jan;5(1):2–5. doi: 10.1002/ana.410050103. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- GRIMSHAW L. OBSESSIONAL DISORDER AND NEUROLOGICAL ILLNESS. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1964 Jun;27:229–231. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.27.3.229. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- HAMILTON M. A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1960 Feb;23:56–62. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hossain A. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections in Saudi Arabia. J Trop Pediatr. 1989 Aug;35(4):171–174. doi: 10.1093/tropej/35.4.171. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Insel T. R., Mueller E. A., Alterman I., Linnoila M., Murphy D. L. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and serotonin: is there a connection? Biol Psychiatry. 1985 Nov;20(11):1174–1188. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(85)90176-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Insel T. R. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: a neuroethological perspective. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1988;24(3):365–369. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jenike M. A. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: a question of a neurologic lesion. Compr Psychiatry. 1984 May-Jun;25(3):298–304. doi: 10.1016/0010-440x(84)90062-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Johnson J., Lucey P. A. Encephalitis lethargica, a contemporary cause of catatonic stupor. A report of two cases. Br J Psychiatry. 1987 Oct;151:550–552. doi: 10.1192/bjp.151.4.550. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Khanna S. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: is there a frontal lobe dysfunction? Biol Psychiatry. 1988 Sep;24(5):602–613. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(88)90171-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Khanna S., Rajendra P. N., Channabasavanna S. M. Life events and onset of obsessive compulsive disorder. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1988 Winter;34(4):305–309. doi: 10.1177/002076408803400408. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laplane D., Levasseur M., Pillon B., Dubois B., Baulac M., Mazoyer B., Tran Dinh S., Sette G., Danze F., Baron J. C. Obsessive-compulsive and other behavioural changes with bilateral basal ganglia lesions. A neuropsychological, magnetic resonance imaging and positron tomography study. Brain. 1989 Jun;112(Pt 3):699–725. doi: 10.1093/brain/112.3.699. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mahalingam R., Wellish M., Wolf W., Dueland A. N., Cohrs R., Vafai A., Gilden D. Latent varicella-zoster viral DNA in human trigeminal and thoracic ganglia. N Engl J Med. 1990 Sep 6;323(10):627–631. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199009063231002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rapoport J. L., Wise S. P. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: evidence for basal ganglia dysfunction. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1988;24(3):380–384. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Swedo S. E., Rapoport J. L., Cheslow D. L., Leonard H. L., Ayoub E. M., Hosier D. M., Wald E. R. High prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with Sydenham's chorea. Am J Psychiatry. 1989 Feb;146(2):246–249. doi: 10.1176/ajp.146.2.246. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wilson L. G. Viral encephalopathy mimicking functional psychosis. Am J Psychiatry. 1976 Feb;133(2):165–170. doi: 10.1176/ajp.133.2.165. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zohar J., Mueller E. A., Insel T. R., Zohar-Kadouch R. C., Murphy D. L. Serotonergic responsivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Comparison of patients and healthy controls. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1987 Nov;44(11):946–951. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800230026006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]