trans-Dichloridobis(2-methyl­aniline-κN)palladium(II)

Abstract

In the title compound, [PdCl₂(C₇H₉N)₂], the Pd atom is situated on an inversion centre and displays a distorted square-planar coordination environment. The crystal structure displays weak inter­molecular N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding.

Related literature

For the cytostatic and anti­tumoral activity of Pd complexes with N-containing organic ligands, see: Casas et al. (2008 ▶); Curic et al. (1996 ▶). For related structures, see: Baldovino-Pantaleon et al. (2007 ▶); Navarro–Ranninger et al. (1987 ▶); Vogels et al. (1999 ▶). For bond-length data, see: Allen et al. (1987 ▶).

Experimental

Crystal data

• [PdCl₂(C₇H₉N)₂]

• M _r = 391.60

• Monoclinic,

• a = 12.1841 (3) Å

• b = 8.0653 (2) Å

• c = 7.5407 (2) Å

• β = 97.346 (2)°

• V = 734.93 (3) ų

• Z = 2

• Mo Kα radiation

• μ = 1.61 mm⁻¹

• T = 173 K

• 0.17 × 0.16 × 0.04 mm

Data collection

• Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer

• Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005 ▶) T _min = 0.777, T _max = 0.932

• 8179 measured reflections

• 1502 independent reflections

• 1118 reflections with I > 2σ(I)

• R _int = 0.074

Refinement

• R[F ² > 2σ(F ²)] = 0.034

• wR(F ²) = 0.060

• S = 1.03

• 1502 reflections

• 97 parameters

• 2 restraints

• H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement

• Δρ_max = 0.48 e Å⁻³

• Δρ_min = −0.66 e Å⁻³

Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005 ▶); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2005 ▶); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2009 ▶).

Supplementary Material

Additional supplementary materials: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report

Table 1. Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °).

D—H⋯A	D—H	H⋯A	D⋯A	D—H⋯A
N1—H1N⋯Cl1i	0.85 (2)	2.71 (3)	3.410 (4)	141 (3)
N1—H2N⋯Cl1ii	0.90 (2)	2.43 (3)	3.319 (4)	172 (3)

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) .

supplementary crystallographic information

Comment

Palladium complex compounds with N–containing organic ligands attract constant scientific interest due to its cytostatic and antitumoral activity (Curic et al., 1996; Casas et al., 2008). Asymmetric unit of title compound contains half of a molecule, other one generates by the symmetry operator of inversion centre (Fig. 1). Pd atom shows a square–planar geometry of coordination environment, which contain two chlorine atoms in trans–position and a two amino groups of o–toluidine. Bond lengths and angles have normal values (Allen et al., 1987). The crystal structure displays week intermolecular N—H···Cl hydrogen bonding (Table 1) creating the layered structure (Fig. 2).

Experimental

The 5 ml of 0.02 M chloroform o–toluidine solution was poured into the test–tube. The other reactant, 5 ml 0.01 M water solution of K₂PdCl₄ was carefully added on the top of the organic part. The sealed test–tube with double–layer mixture was put in a dark place. Two weeks later, the yellow plate shape crystals were grown in the chloroform part of the solution.

Refinement

H atoms bonded to N atoms were located in a difference map. Other H atoms which bonded to C were positioned geometrically and refined using a riding model with C—H = 0.98 Å for CH₃ with U_iso(H) = 1.5U_eq(C) and C—H = 0.95 Å for CH with U_iso(H) = 1.2U_eq(C)].

Figures

Fig. 1.

Molecular structure of the title compound with the atom numbering scheme. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at 50% probability lervel. H atoms are presented as a small spheres of arbitrary radius. Symmetry code: (i) -x, 1-y, -z.

Fig. 2.

Crystal packing of title compound, projection along b axis. Dashed lines indicate hydrogen bonds [Symmetry code: (i) -x, y-1/2, 1/2-z; (ii) x, 3/2-y, 1/2+z].

Crystal data

[PdCl2(C7H9N)2]	F(000) = 392
Mr = 391.60	Dx = 1.770 Mg m−3
Monoclinic, P21/c	Melting point: 560 K
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 12.1841 (3) Å	Cell parameters from 1337 reflections
b = 8.0653 (2) Å	θ = 3.0–22.5°
c = 7.5407 (2) Å	µ = 1.61 mm−1
β = 97.346 (2)°	T = 173 K
V = 734.93 (3) Å3	Plate, yellow
Z = 2	0.17 × 0.16 × 0.04 mm

Data collection

Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer	1502 independent reflections
Radiation source: Fine–focus sealed tube	1118 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite	Rint = 0.074
Detector resolution: 8.26 pixels mm-1	θmax = 26.4°, θmin = 1.7°
φ and ω scans	h = −15→15
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005)	k = −10→10
Tmin = 0.777, Tmax = 0.932	l = −9→9
8179 measured reflections

Refinement

Refinement on F2	Primary atom site location: Direct
Least-squares matrix: Full	Secondary atom site location: Difmap
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.034	Hydrogen site location: Geom
wR(F2) = 0.060	H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
S = 1.03	w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0118P)2 + 0.6868P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
1502 reflections	(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
97 parameters	Δρmax = 0.48 e Å−3
2 restraints	Δρmin = −0.66 e Å−3

Special details

Geometry. All s.u.'s (except the s.u. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell s.u.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of s.u.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between s.u.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell s.u.'s is used for estimating s.u.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R–factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R–factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R–factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R–factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R–factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
Pd1	0.0000	0.5000	0.0000	0.01692 (12)
Cl1	0.06040 (8)	0.77044 (11)	0.02411 (13)	0.0222 (2)
N1	0.1118 (3)	0.4372 (4)	0.2186 (5)	0.0192 (8)
H1N	0.130 (3)	0.526 (4)	0.276 (5)	0.024 (12)*
H2N	0.071 (3)	0.386 (4)	0.294 (5)	0.025 (12)*
C1	0.2062 (3)	0.3358 (5)	0.1906 (5)	0.0216 (9)
C2	0.3051 (4)	0.4060 (6)	0.1573 (6)	0.0300 (11)
C3	0.3912 (3)	0.2990 (6)	0.1258 (6)	0.0330 (11)
H3	0.4596	0.3446	0.1015	0.040*
C4	0.3790 (4)	0.1308 (6)	0.1291 (6)	0.0390 (12)
H4	0.4387	0.0612	0.1073	0.047*
C5	0.2808 (4)	0.0614 (6)	0.1639 (6)	0.0352 (12)
H5	0.2722	−0.0556	0.1653	0.042*
C6	0.1949 (3)	0.1643 (5)	0.1967 (5)	0.0271 (10)
H6	0.1275	0.1174	0.2238	0.032*
C7	0.3210 (4)	0.5894 (6)	0.1537 (7)	0.0432 (14)
H7A	0.2701	0.6373	0.0560	0.065*
H7B	0.3974	0.6142	0.1350	0.065*
H7C	0.3060	0.6370	0.2677	0.065*

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U11	U22	U33	U12	U13	U23
Pd1	0.0189 (2)	0.0155 (2)	0.0169 (2)	0.0004 (2)	0.00446 (15)	−0.0002 (2)
Cl1	0.0272 (5)	0.0174 (5)	0.0222 (5)	−0.0014 (4)	0.0033 (4)	0.0008 (4)
N1	0.0228 (18)	0.0170 (17)	0.019 (2)	−0.0008 (14)	0.0066 (16)	−0.0040 (16)
C1	0.022 (2)	0.025 (2)	0.017 (2)	0.0002 (17)	0.0021 (18)	0.0009 (17)
C2	0.029 (3)	0.039 (3)	0.022 (3)	0.000 (2)	0.004 (2)	0.000 (2)
C3	0.022 (2)	0.044 (3)	0.033 (3)	0.007 (2)	0.004 (2)	−0.004 (2)
C4	0.034 (3)	0.047 (3)	0.036 (3)	0.014 (2)	0.003 (2)	−0.012 (2)
C5	0.041 (3)	0.030 (2)	0.033 (3)	0.006 (2)	0.000 (2)	−0.005 (2)
C6	0.025 (2)	0.034 (3)	0.022 (3)	0.0000 (19)	0.0007 (19)	0.0015 (19)
C7	0.031 (3)	0.035 (3)	0.063 (4)	0.001 (2)	0.002 (3)	0.005 (3)

Geometric parameters (Å, °)

Pd1—N1	2.063 (3)	C3—C4	1.365 (6)
Pd1—N1i	2.063 (3)	C3—H3	0.9500
Pd1—Cl1i	2.3017 (9)	C4—C5	1.376 (6)
Pd1—Cl1	2.3017 (9)	C4—H4	0.9500
N1—C1	1.449 (5)	C5—C6	1.382 (5)
N1—H1N	0.85 (2)	C5—H5	0.9500
N1—H2N	0.90 (2)	C6—H6	0.9500
C1—C2	1.383 (5)	C7—H7A	0.9800
C1—C6	1.392 (5)	C7—H7B	0.9800
C2—C3	1.402 (6)	C7—H7C	0.9800
C2—C7	1.492 (5)
N1—Pd1—N1i	180.0	C4—C3—C2	121.5 (4)
N1—Pd1—Cl1i	90.13 (10)	C4—C3—H3	119.2
N1i—Pd1—Cl1i	89.87 (10)	C2—C3—H3	119.2
N1—Pd1—Cl1	89.88 (10)	C3—C4—C5	120.5 (4)
N1i—Pd1—Cl1	90.13 (10)	C3—C4—H4	119.8
Cl1i—Pd1—Cl1	180.0	C5—C4—H4	119.8
C1—N1—Pd1	118.6 (3)	C4—C5—C6	119.1 (4)
C1—N1—H1N	113 (3)	C4—C5—H5	120.4
Pd1—N1—H1N	108 (3)	C6—C5—H5	120.4
C1—N1—H2N	110 (2)	C5—C6—C1	120.7 (4)
Pd1—N1—H2N	105 (3)	C5—C6—H6	119.7
H1N—N1—H2N	101 (4)	C1—C6—H6	119.7
C2—C1—C6	120.3 (4)	C2—C7—H7A	109.5
C2—C1—N1	121.5 (4)	C2—C7—H7B	109.5
C6—C1—N1	118.2 (4)	H7A—C7—H7B	109.5
C1—C2—C3	117.8 (4)	C2—C7—H7C	109.5
C1—C2—C7	121.8 (4)	H7A—C7—H7C	109.5
C3—C2—C7	120.4 (4)	H7B—C7—H7C	109.5
Cl1i—Pd1—N1—C1	70.4 (3)	C1—C2—C3—C4	−0.5 (7)
Cl1—Pd1—N1—C1	−109.6 (3)	C7—C2—C3—C4	179.7 (5)
Pd1—N1—C1—C2	90.5 (4)	C2—C3—C4—C5	0.0 (7)
Pd1—N1—C1—C6	−89.0 (4)	C3—C4—C5—C6	−0.5 (7)
C6—C1—C2—C3	1.6 (6)	C4—C5—C6—C1	1.5 (7)
N1—C1—C2—C3	−177.9 (4)	C2—C1—C6—C5	−2.1 (7)
C6—C1—C2—C7	−178.7 (4)	N1—C1—C6—C5	177.4 (4)
N1—C1—C2—C7	1.9 (7)

Symmetry codes: (i) −x, −y+1, −z.

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H···A	D—H	H···A	D···A	D—H···A
N1—H1N···Cl1ii	0.85 (2)	2.71 (3)	3.410 (4)	141 (3)
N1—H2N···Cl1iii	0.90 (2)	2.43 (3)	3.319 (4)	172 (3)

Symmetry codes: (ii) x, −y+3/2, z+1/2; (iii) −x, y−1/2, −z+1/2.