Skip to main content
Acta Crystallographica Section E: Structure Reports Online logoLink to Acta Crystallographica Section E: Structure Reports Online
. 2009 Jul 29;65(Pt 8):o2026. doi: 10.1107/S160053680902889X

Triphenyl­methyl benzoate

Richard E Sykora a, Lane McDonald a, Greg T Spyridis b,*
PMCID: PMC2977206  PMID: 21583694

Abstract

The title compound, C26H20O2, has long been known, but was not structurally characterized until now. It adopts the Z conformation and the atoms comprising the ester linkage are essentially coplanar (r.m.s. deviation of 0.0234 Å). The acyl C—O bond length of 1.470 (2) Å falls within the normal range seen for esters of tertiary alcohols and is below the value of 1.496 Å found in tri-tert-butyl­methyl 4-nitro­benzoate.

Related literature

For related structures of sterically hindered esters, see: phenyl benzoate (Adams & Morsi, 1976), a 4-substituted tert-butyl benzoate (Fu et al., 2008), tri-tert-butyl­methyl 4-nitro­benzoate (Cheng & Nyburg, 1978), and for esters of tertiary alcohols, see: Allen & Kirby (1984); Schweizer & Dunitz (1982). For the synthesis, see: Blicke (1923) and for ionic field studies in solutions of the title compound, see: Velazquez et al. (2006). For additional related references on the calculated absolute structure parameter and the conformations of esters, see: (Flack, 1983) and Pawar et al. (1998).graphic file with name e-65-o2026-scheme1.jpg

Experimental

Crystal data

  • C26H20O2

  • M r = 364.42

  • Orthorhombic, Inline graphic

  • a = 8.9512 (4) Å

  • b = 14.9545 (5) Å

  • c = 14.4038 (6) Å

  • V = 1928.10 (13) Å3

  • Z = 4

  • Mo Kα radiation

  • μ = 0.08 mm−1

  • T = 290 K

  • 0.50 × 0.15 × 0.07 mm

Data collection

  • Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur diffractometer with an Eos CCD detector

  • Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) T min = 0.959, T max = 0.995

  • 6656 measured reflections

  • 2664 independent reflections

  • 1879 reflections with I > 2σ(I)

  • R int = 0.022

Refinement

  • R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)] = 0.036

  • wR(F 2) = 0.070

  • S = 0.91

  • 2664 reflections

  • 254 parameters

  • 1 restraint

  • H-atom parameters constrained

  • Δρmax = 0.12 e Å−3

  • Δρmin = −0.12 e Å−3

Data collection: CrysAlis Pro (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); cell refinement: CrysAlis Pro; data reduction: CrysAlis Pro; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2009).

Supplementary Material

Crystal structure: contains datablocks I, global. DOI: 10.1107/S160053680902889X/zs2001sup1.cif

e-65-o2026-sup1.cif (18.5KB, cif)

Structure factors: contains datablocks I. DOI: 10.1107/S160053680902889X/zs2001Isup2.hkl

e-65-o2026-Isup2.hkl (130.8KB, hkl)

Additional supplementary materials: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the National Science Foundation for their generous support (NSF-CAREER grant to RES, CHE-0846680).

supplementary crystallographic information

Comment

In light of our investigations into the use of the title compound as a probe of the ionic fields present in LiClO4-Et2O solutions, (Velazquez et al., 2006), we prepared and crystallized triphenylmethyl benzoate, (I). The title compound adopts the Z-conformation (Pawar et al. 1998) with the C2—C1—O1—C8 dihedral angle being 3.5 (1)° and the phenyl ring exhibiting a slight twist of 17.6 (2)° with respect to the ester group. The atoms comprising the ester linkage, C2, C1, O2, O1 and C8, are essentially coplanar. The acyl C—O bond length of 1.470 (2) Å falls within the normal range as seen for the esters of tertiary alcohols (Allen & Kirby, 1984; Schweizer & Dunitz, 1982) and is well below the value of 1.496 Å in tri-tert-butylmethyl 4-nitrobenzoate (Cheng & Nyburg, 1978). The C1—O1—C8 bond angle is 120.50 (13)°, midway between the 118.3° observed in phenyl benzoate (Adams & Morsi, 1976) and the 122.9° seen in a 4-substituted tert-butyl benzoate (Fu et al. 2008), and is consistent with those noted for the esters of tertiary alcohols (Schweizer & Dunitz, 1982).

Experimental

The title compound was synthesized by reacting trityl chloride with silver benzoate in dry benzene as outlined in the literature (Blicke, 1923). Crystals were grown by slow evaporation from benzene at 298 K. m.p. 442.5–444.15 K.

Refinement

H-atoms were placed in calculated positions and allowed to ride during subsequent refinement, with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C) and C—H distances of 0.93 Å for all H atoms. The calculated absolute structure parameter (Flack, 1983) and e.s.d. was meaningless with a value of 0.1 (12). For this reason, the Friedel-pair reflections were merged before the final refinement.

Figures

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

The molecular structure of (I), with the atom-numbering scheme. Displacement ellipsoids for non-hydrogen atoms are drawn at the 50% probability level.

Crystal data

C26H20O2 Dx = 1.255 Mg m3
Mr = 364.42 Melting point = 440.5–444.5 K
Orthorhombic, Pna21 Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: P 2c -2n Cell parameters from 2913 reflections
a = 8.9512 (4) Å θ = 3.1–30.4°
b = 14.9545 (5) Å µ = 0.08 mm1
c = 14.4038 (6) Å T = 290 K
V = 1928.10 (13) Å3 Prism, colorless
Z = 4 0.50 × 0.15 × 0.07 mm
F(000) = 768

Data collection

Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur diffractometer with an Eos CCD detector 2664 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube 1879 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
graphite Rint = 0.022
Detector resolution: 16.0514 pixels mm-1 θmax = 30.4°, θmin = 3.6°
ω scans h = −11→6
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) k = −20→8
Tmin = 0.959, Tmax = 0.995 l = −14→20
6656 measured reflections

Refinement

Refinement on F2 Secondary atom site location: none
Least-squares matrix: full Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.036 H-atom parameters constrained
wR(F2) = 0.070 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0394P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 0.91 (Δ/σ)max < 0.001
2664 reflections Δρmax = 0.12 e Å3
254 parameters Δρmin = −0.12 e Å3
1 restraint Extinction correction: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods Extinction coefficient: 0.0067 (13)

Special details

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2)

x y z Uiso*/Ueq
O1 0.09567 (13) 0.02387 (8) 0.19684 (8) 0.0377 (3)
O2 0.27149 (15) −0.04826 (9) 0.28069 (10) 0.0513 (3)
C1 0.23123 (18) −0.01384 (11) 0.20970 (13) 0.0364 (4)
C2 0.3253 (2) −0.00547 (11) 0.12520 (13) 0.0389 (4)
C3 0.2950 (2) 0.05570 (13) 0.05580 (13) 0.0470 (5)
H3 0.2109 0.0920 0.0602 0.056*
C4 0.3891 (3) 0.06332 (16) −0.02053 (15) 0.0611 (6)
H4 0.3684 0.1045 −0.0671 0.073*
C5 0.5127 (3) 0.0096 (2) −0.02643 (17) 0.0715 (7)
H5 0.5764 0.0146 −0.0772 0.086*
C6 0.5431 (3) −0.05147 (18) 0.0419 (2) 0.0729 (7)
H6 0.6267 −0.0881 0.0367 0.087*
C7 0.4512 (2) −0.05927 (14) 0.11823 (16) 0.0564 (5)
H7 0.4734 −0.1003 0.1648 0.068*
C8 −0.01225 (19) 0.02868 (11) 0.27363 (12) 0.0340 (4)
C9 −0.05440 (19) −0.06734 (11) 0.30194 (12) 0.0352 (4)
C10 −0.1514 (2) −0.11564 (12) 0.24597 (14) 0.0486 (5)
H10 −0.1927 −0.0888 0.1937 0.058*
C11 −0.1874 (3) −0.20348 (13) 0.26723 (17) 0.0612 (6)
H11 −0.2518 −0.2353 0.2288 0.073*
C12 −0.1287 (3) −0.24365 (13) 0.34465 (17) 0.0589 (6)
H12 −0.1538 −0.3024 0.3591 0.071*
C13 −0.0327 (2) −0.19667 (12) 0.40057 (16) 0.0517 (5)
H13 0.0073 −0.2239 0.4530 0.062*
C14 0.0052 (2) −0.10936 (12) 0.37983 (14) 0.0424 (4)
H14 0.0709 −0.0784 0.4182 0.051*
C15 0.0481 (2) 0.08856 (11) 0.35106 (13) 0.0361 (4)
C16 0.1604 (2) 0.15027 (12) 0.33333 (15) 0.0480 (5)
H16 0.2058 0.1517 0.2753 0.058*
C17 0.2052 (3) 0.20958 (14) 0.40161 (19) 0.0649 (7)
H17 0.2819 0.2499 0.3894 0.078*
C18 0.1379 (3) 0.20969 (14) 0.48721 (18) 0.0672 (7)
H18 0.1681 0.2501 0.5326 0.081*
C19 0.0260 (3) 0.14994 (15) 0.50529 (16) 0.0622 (6)
H19 −0.0203 0.1500 0.5631 0.075*
C20 −0.0189 (2) 0.08948 (13) 0.43834 (13) 0.0481 (5)
H20 −0.0947 0.0489 0.4517 0.058*
C21 −0.14691 (19) 0.07741 (10) 0.23019 (12) 0.0364 (4)
C22 −0.1388 (2) 0.12181 (13) 0.14637 (15) 0.0545 (5)
H22 −0.0505 0.1205 0.1124 0.065*
C23 −0.2611 (3) 0.16830 (15) 0.11242 (19) 0.0677 (7)
H23 −0.2539 0.1981 0.0559 0.081*
C24 −0.3917 (2) 0.17089 (13) 0.1609 (2) 0.0619 (6)
H24 −0.4733 0.2022 0.1377 0.074*
C25 −0.4017 (2) 0.12700 (15) 0.24394 (18) 0.0601 (6)
H25 −0.4905 0.1284 0.2774 0.072*
C26 −0.2805 (2) 0.08062 (13) 0.27826 (16) 0.0512 (5)
H26 −0.2889 0.0510 0.3348 0.061*

Atomic displacement parameters (Å2)

U11 U22 U33 U12 U13 U23
O1 0.0315 (6) 0.0499 (6) 0.0316 (6) 0.0018 (5) 0.0016 (5) 0.0073 (6)
O2 0.0433 (7) 0.0647 (8) 0.0459 (8) 0.0086 (6) −0.0012 (7) 0.0170 (7)
C1 0.0318 (9) 0.0397 (8) 0.0377 (10) −0.0005 (7) 0.0008 (8) 0.0045 (8)
C2 0.0331 (9) 0.0452 (9) 0.0385 (10) −0.0048 (8) −0.0011 (8) −0.0075 (9)
C3 0.0390 (11) 0.0613 (12) 0.0407 (11) −0.0085 (9) −0.0003 (8) 0.0032 (10)
C4 0.0582 (15) 0.0878 (15) 0.0373 (11) −0.0193 (12) 0.0025 (11) 0.0017 (12)
C5 0.0568 (15) 0.109 (2) 0.0482 (13) −0.0211 (14) 0.0167 (12) −0.0187 (15)
C6 0.0523 (15) 0.0930 (18) 0.0732 (17) 0.0105 (13) 0.0152 (13) −0.0237 (15)
C7 0.0464 (12) 0.0656 (12) 0.0572 (13) 0.0076 (10) 0.0028 (11) −0.0081 (11)
C8 0.0313 (9) 0.0397 (9) 0.0310 (9) 0.0004 (7) 0.0020 (7) 0.0017 (8)
C9 0.0339 (9) 0.0363 (8) 0.0352 (10) −0.0007 (7) 0.0051 (8) −0.0005 (8)
C10 0.0560 (12) 0.0483 (10) 0.0414 (11) −0.0051 (10) −0.0024 (9) −0.0026 (9)
C11 0.0712 (15) 0.0511 (12) 0.0611 (15) −0.0175 (10) 0.0012 (12) −0.0137 (12)
C12 0.0751 (15) 0.0384 (10) 0.0633 (13) −0.0080 (10) 0.0131 (12) 0.0023 (11)
C13 0.0594 (13) 0.0429 (10) 0.0529 (13) 0.0007 (9) 0.0052 (10) 0.0099 (10)
C14 0.0442 (11) 0.0415 (9) 0.0416 (10) −0.0015 (8) 0.0012 (8) 0.0026 (9)
C15 0.0369 (10) 0.0333 (8) 0.0380 (10) 0.0033 (7) −0.0080 (8) 0.0034 (8)
C16 0.0545 (12) 0.0409 (9) 0.0488 (12) −0.0062 (8) −0.0097 (10) 0.0058 (9)
C17 0.0739 (16) 0.0410 (10) 0.0798 (18) −0.0098 (10) −0.0277 (14) 0.0023 (12)
C18 0.0845 (18) 0.0490 (11) 0.0682 (17) 0.0092 (12) −0.0348 (14) −0.0176 (12)
C19 0.0716 (16) 0.0685 (15) 0.0465 (12) 0.0149 (13) −0.0105 (11) −0.0109 (12)
C20 0.0520 (12) 0.0501 (11) 0.0421 (11) 0.0020 (9) −0.0028 (9) −0.0037 (10)
C21 0.0317 (9) 0.0365 (8) 0.0410 (11) −0.0018 (7) −0.0039 (8) −0.0017 (8)
C22 0.0417 (11) 0.0644 (11) 0.0574 (13) 0.0009 (10) −0.0059 (10) 0.0180 (12)
C23 0.0558 (14) 0.0701 (13) 0.0771 (17) 0.0055 (11) −0.0182 (13) 0.0245 (13)
C24 0.0489 (13) 0.0501 (11) 0.0866 (18) 0.0090 (9) −0.0288 (13) −0.0054 (13)
C25 0.0361 (11) 0.0703 (13) 0.0739 (16) 0.0085 (10) −0.0039 (11) −0.0200 (13)
C26 0.0400 (10) 0.0628 (12) 0.0508 (12) 0.0055 (9) 0.0001 (10) −0.0017 (11)

Geometric parameters (Å, °)

O1—C1 1.351 (2) C13—C14 1.382 (3)
O1—C8 1.470 (2) C13—H13 0.9300
O2—C1 1.200 (2) C14—H14 0.9300
C1—C2 1.486 (2) C15—C16 1.389 (3)
C2—C3 1.382 (3) C15—C20 1.393 (3)
C2—C7 1.388 (3) C16—C17 1.384 (3)
C3—C4 1.390 (3) C16—H16 0.9300
C3—H3 0.9300 C17—C18 1.373 (4)
C4—C5 1.370 (4) C17—H17 0.9300
C4—H4 0.9300 C18—C19 1.367 (3)
C5—C6 1.369 (4) C18—H18 0.9300
C5—H5 0.9300 C19—C20 1.382 (3)
C6—C7 1.378 (3) C19—H19 0.9300
C6—H6 0.9300 C20—H20 0.9300
C7—H7 0.9300 C21—C22 1.380 (3)
C8—C15 1.529 (2) C21—C26 1.383 (3)
C8—C9 1.540 (2) C22—C23 1.386 (3)
C8—C21 1.541 (2) C22—H22 0.9300
C9—C10 1.388 (3) C23—C24 1.362 (3)
C9—C14 1.392 (3) C23—H23 0.9300
C10—C11 1.387 (3) C24—C25 1.368 (3)
C10—H10 0.9300 C24—H24 0.9300
C11—C12 1.372 (3) C25—C26 1.379 (3)
C11—H11 0.9300 C25—H25 0.9300
C12—C13 1.371 (3) C26—H26 0.9300
C12—H12 0.9300
C1—O1—C8 120.50 (13) C12—C13—H13 119.6
O2—C1—O1 124.44 (16) C14—C13—H13 119.6
O2—C1—C2 124.32 (15) C13—C14—C9 120.44 (19)
O1—C1—C2 111.22 (15) C13—C14—H14 119.8
C3—C2—C7 119.40 (19) C9—C14—H14 119.8
C3—C2—C1 122.47 (17) C16—C15—C20 118.12 (17)
C7—C2—C1 118.09 (18) C16—C15—C8 120.72 (17)
C2—C3—C4 120.5 (2) C20—C15—C8 120.79 (16)
C2—C3—H3 119.8 C17—C16—C15 120.3 (2)
C4—C3—H3 119.8 C17—C16—H16 119.8
C5—C4—C3 119.4 (2) C15—C16—H16 119.8
C5—C4—H4 120.3 C18—C17—C16 120.8 (2)
C3—C4—H4 120.3 C18—C17—H17 119.6
C6—C5—C4 120.4 (2) C16—C17—H17 119.6
C6—C5—H5 119.8 C19—C18—C17 119.5 (2)
C4—C5—H5 119.8 C19—C18—H18 120.3
C5—C6—C7 120.8 (2) C17—C18—H18 120.3
C5—C6—H6 119.6 C18—C19—C20 120.5 (2)
C7—C6—H6 119.6 C18—C19—H19 119.7
C6—C7—C2 119.5 (2) C20—C19—H19 119.7
C6—C7—H7 120.2 C19—C20—C15 120.7 (2)
C2—C7—H7 120.2 C19—C20—H20 119.6
O1—C8—C15 110.20 (13) C15—C20—H20 119.6
O1—C8—C9 108.33 (13) C22—C21—C26 117.85 (18)
C15—C8—C9 116.08 (14) C22—C21—C8 122.77 (16)
O1—C8—C21 103.39 (13) C26—C21—C8 119.32 (16)
C15—C8—C21 107.19 (12) C21—C22—C23 120.5 (2)
C9—C8—C21 110.90 (13) C21—C22—H22 119.7
C10—C9—C14 118.24 (16) C23—C22—H22 119.7
C10—C9—C8 119.00 (15) C24—C23—C22 120.8 (2)
C14—C9—C8 122.71 (16) C24—C23—H23 119.6
C11—C10—C9 120.7 (2) C22—C23—H23 119.6
C11—C10—H10 119.7 C23—C24—C25 119.4 (2)
C9—C10—H10 119.7 C23—C24—H24 120.3
C12—C11—C10 120.3 (2) C25—C24—H24 120.3
C12—C11—H11 119.8 C24—C25—C26 120.2 (2)
C10—C11—H11 119.8 C24—C25—H25 119.9
C13—C12—C11 119.56 (18) C26—C25—H25 119.9
C13—C12—H12 120.2 C25—C26—C21 121.2 (2)
C11—C12—H12 120.2 C25—C26—H26 119.4
C12—C13—C14 120.7 (2) C21—C26—H26 119.4

Footnotes

Supplementary data and figures for this paper are available from the IUCr electronic archives (Reference: ZS2001).

References

  1. Adams, J. M. & Morsi, S. E. (1976). Acta Cryst. B32, 1345-1347.
  2. Allen, F. H. & Kirby, A. J. (1984). J. Am. Chem. Soc.106, 6197–6200.
  3. Blicke, F. F. (1923). J. Am. Chem. Soc.45, 1965–1969.
  4. Cheng, P.-T. & Nyburg, S. C. (1978). Acta Cryst. B34, 3001–3004.
  5. Flack, H. D. (1983). Acta Cryst. A39, 876–881.
  6. Fu, N., Zou, X.-M., Lin, D.-Y., Zhu, Y.-Q. & Yang, H.-Z. (2008). Acta Cryst. E64, o192. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed]
  7. Oxford Diffraction (2009). CrysAlis Pro Oxford Diffraction Ltd, Yarnton, England.
  8. Pawar, P. M., Khalil, A. A., Hooks, D. R., Collins, K., Elliott, T., Stafford, J., Smith, L. & Noe, E. A. (1998). J. Am. Chem. Soc.120, 2108–2112.
  9. Schweizer, W. B. & Dunitz, J. D. (1982). Helv. Chem. Acta, 65, 1547–1554.
  10. Sheldrick, G. M. (1996). SADABS University of Göttingen, Germany.
  11. Sheldrick, G. M. (2008). Acta Cryst. A64, 112–122. [DOI] [PubMed]
  12. Velazquez, H. A., Hollingsworth, J., Spyridis, G. T. & Pocker, Y. (2006). 231st American Chemical Society National Meeting, Chemical Education Abstract No. 403.
  13. Westrip, S. P. (2009). publCIF In preparation.

Associated Data

This section collects any data citations, data availability statements, or supplementary materials included in this article.

Supplementary Materials

Crystal structure: contains datablocks I, global. DOI: 10.1107/S160053680902889X/zs2001sup1.cif

e-65-o2026-sup1.cif (18.5KB, cif)

Structure factors: contains datablocks I. DOI: 10.1107/S160053680902889X/zs2001Isup2.hkl

e-65-o2026-Isup2.hkl (130.8KB, hkl)

Additional supplementary materials: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report


Articles from Acta Crystallographica Section E: Structure Reports Online are provided here courtesy of International Union of Crystallography

RESOURCES