Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1989 Sep;86(18):6858–6862. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.18.6858

In vitro attachment of glycosyl-inositolphospholipid anchor structures to mouse Thy-1 antigen and human decay-accelerating factor.

N Fasel 1, M Rousseaux 1, E Schaerer 1, M E Medof 1, M L Tykocinski 1, C Bron 1
PMCID: PMC297949  PMID: 2476803

Abstract

Glycosyl-inositolphospholipid (GPL) anchoring structures are incorporated into GPL-anchored proteins immediately posttranslationally in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, but the biochemical and cellular constituents involved in this "glypiation" process are unknown. To establish whether glypiation could be achieved in vitro, mRNAs generated by transcription of cDNAs encoding two GPL-anchored proteins, murine Thy-1 antigen and human decay-accelerating factor (DAF), and a conventionally anchored control protein, polymeric-immunoglobulin receptor (IgR), were translated in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate. Upon addition of dog pancreatic rough microsomes, nascent polypeptides generated from the three mRNAs translocated into vesicles. Dispersal of the vesicles with Triton X-114 detergent and incubation of the hydrophobic phase with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipases C and D, enzymes specific for GPL-anchor structures, released Thy-1 and DAF but not IgR protein into the aqueous phase. The selective incorporation of phospholipase-sensitive anchoring moieties into Thy-1 and DAF but not IgR translation products during in vitro translocation indicates that rough microsomes are able to support and regulate glypiation.

Full text

PDF
6858

Images in this article

6859Image
on p.6859
6859Image
on p.6859
6860Image
on p.6860
6860Image
on p.6860
6860Image
on p.6860
6861Image
on p.6861

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bangs J. D., Hereld D., Krakow J. L., Hart G. W., Englund P. T. Rapid processing of the carboxyl terminus of a trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 May;82(10):3207–3211. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.10.3207. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Blobel G., Dobberstein B. Transfer of proteins across membranes. II. Reconstitution of functional rough microsomes from heterologous components. J Cell Biol. 1975 Dec;67(3):852–862. doi: 10.1083/jcb.67.3.852. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bordier C. Phase separation of integral membrane proteins in Triton X-114 solution. J Biol Chem. 1981 Feb 25;256(4):1604–1607. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Caras I. W., Davitz M. A., Rhee L., Weddell G., Martin D. W., Jr, Nussenzweig V. Cloning of decay-accelerating factor suggests novel use of splicing to generate two proteins. Nature. 1987 Feb 5;325(6104):545–549. doi: 10.1038/325545a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Caras I. W., Weddell G. N., Davitz M. A., Nussenzweig V., Martin D. W., Jr Signal for attachment of a phospholipid membrane anchor in decay accelerating factor. Science. 1987 Nov 27;238(4831):1280–1283. doi: 10.1126/science.2446389. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Connolly T., Gilmore R. Formation of a functional ribosome-membrane junction during translocation requires the participation of a GTP-binding protein. J Cell Biol. 1986 Dec;103(6 Pt 1):2253–2261. doi: 10.1083/jcb.103.6.2253. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Conzelmann A., Spiazzi A., Bron C. Glycolipid anchors are attached to Thy-1 glycoprotein rapidly after translation. Biochem J. 1987 Sep 15;246(3):605–610. doi: 10.1042/bj2460605. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Conzelmann A., Spiazzi A., Hyman R., Bron C. Anchoring of membrane proteins via phosphatidylinositol is deficient in two classes of Thy-1 negative mutant lymphoma cells. EMBO J. 1986 Dec 1;5(12):3291–3296. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04642.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Cross G. A. Eukaryotic protein modification and membrane attachment via phosphatidylinositol. Cell. 1987 Jan 30;48(2):179–181. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90419-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Davitz M. A., Hereld D., Shak S., Krakow J., Englund P. T., Nussenzweig V. A glycan-phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D in human serum. Science. 1987 Oct 2;238(4823):81–84. doi: 10.1126/science.2443973. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Davitz M. A., Hereld D., Shak S., Krakow J., Englund P. T., Nussenzweig V. A glycan-phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D in human serum. Science. 1987 Oct 2;238(4823):81–84. doi: 10.1126/science.2443973. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Davitz M. A., Low M. G., Nussenzweig V. Release of decay-accelerating factor (DAF) from the cell membrane by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PIPLC). Selective modification of a complement regulatory protein. J Exp Med. 1986 May 1;163(5):1150–1161. doi: 10.1084/jem.163.5.1150. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Ferguson M. A., Duszenko M., Lamont G. S., Overath P., Cross G. A. Biosynthesis of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoproteins. N-glycosylation and addition of a phosphatidylinositol membrane anchor. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 5;261(1):356–362. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ferguson M. A., Williams A. F. Cell-surface anchoring of proteins via glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol structures. Annu Rev Biochem. 1988;57:285–320. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.57.070188.001441. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Hedrick S. M., Cohen D. I., Nielsen E. A., Davis M. M. Isolation of cDNA clones encoding T cell-specific membrane-associated proteins. Nature. 1984 Mar 8;308(5955):149–153. doi: 10.1038/308149a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Homans S. W., Ferguson M. A., Dwek R. A., Rademacher T. W., Anand R., Williams A. F. Complete structure of the glycosyl phosphatidylinositol membrane anchor of rat brain Thy-1 glycoprotein. Nature. 1988 May 19;333(6170):269–272. doi: 10.1038/333269a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Hubbard A. L., Cohn Z. A. Externally disposed plasma membrane proteins. I. Enzymatic iodination of mouse L cells. J Cell Biol. 1975 Feb;64(2):438–460. doi: 10.1083/jcb.64.2.438. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Ikezawa H., Yamanegi M., Taguchi R., Miyashita T., Ohyabu T. Studies on phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase (phospholipase C type) of Bacillus cereus. I. purification, properties and phosphatase-releasing activity. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976 Nov 19;450(2):154–164. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Kühn L. C., Kraehenbuhl J. P. The membrane receptor for polymeric immunoglobulin is structurally related to secretory component. Isolation and characterization of membrane secretory component from rabbit liver and mammary gland. J Biol Chem. 1981 Dec 10;256(23):12490–12495. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Low M. G. Biochemistry of the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol membrane protein anchors. Biochem J. 1987 May 15;244(1):1–13. doi: 10.1042/bj2440001. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Low M. G., Kincade P. W. Phosphatidylinositol is the membrane-anchoring domain of the Thy-1 glycoprotein. Nature. 1985 Nov 7;318(6041):62–64. doi: 10.1038/318062a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Low M. G., Saltiel A. R. Structural and functional roles of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol in membranes. Science. 1988 Jan 15;239(4837):268–275. doi: 10.1126/science.3276003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Luescher B., Bron C. Biosynthesis of mouse Thy-1 antigen. J Immunol. 1985 Feb;134(2):1084–1089. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Medof M. E., Lublin D. M., Holers V. M., Ayers D. J., Getty R. R., Leykam J. F., Atkinson J. P., Tykocinski M. L. Cloning and characterization of cDNAs encoding the complete sequence of decay-accelerating factor of human complement. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Apr;84(7):2007–2011. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.7.2007. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Medof M. E., Walter E. I., Roberts W. L., Haas R., Rosenberry T. L. Decay accelerating factor of complement is anchored to cells by a C-terminal glycolipid. Biochemistry. 1986 Nov 4;25(22):6740–6747. doi: 10.1021/bi00370a003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Melton D. A., Krieg P. A., Rebagliati M. R., Maniatis T., Zinn K., Green M. R. Efficient in vitro synthesis of biologically active RNA and RNA hybridization probes from plasmids containing a bacteriophage SP6 promoter. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Sep 25;12(18):7035–7056. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.18.7035. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Nicholson-Weller A., Burge J., Fearon D. T., Weller P. F., Austen K. F. Isolation of a human erythrocyte membrane glycoprotein with decay-accelerating activity for C3 convertases of the complement system. J Immunol. 1982 Jul;129(1):184–189. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Roberts W. L., Kim B. H., Rosenberry T. L. Differences in the glycolipid membrane anchors of bovine and human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(22):7817–7821. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.22.7817. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Seki T., Moriuchi T., Chang H. C., Denome R., Silver J. Structural organization of the rat thy-1 gene. Nature. 1985 Feb 7;313(6002):485–487. doi: 10.1038/313485a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Tse A. G., Barclay A. N., Watts A., Williams A. F. A glycophospholipid tail at the carboxyl terminus of the Thy-1 glycoprotein of neurons and thymocytes. Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1003–1008. doi: 10.1126/science.2865810. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Tykocinski M. L., Shu H. K., Ayers D. J., Walter E. I., Getty R. R., Groger R. K., Hauer C. A., Medof M. E. Glycolipid reanchoring of T-lymphocyte surface antigen CD8 using the 3' end sequence of decay-accelerating factor's mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 May;85(10):3555–3559. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.10.3555. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES