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. 1987 Aug;84(15):5277–5281. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.15.5277

Tumor necrosis factor type alpha, a potent inhibitor of endothelial cell growth in vitro, is angiogenic in vivo.

M Fràter-Schröder, W Risau, R Hallmann, P Gautschi, P Böhlen
PMCID: PMC298838  PMID: 2440047

Abstract

Tumor necrosis factor type alpha (TNF-alpha) inhibits endothelial cell proliferation in vitro. Basal cell growth (in the absence of exogenously added growth factor) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-stimulated cell proliferation are inhibited in a dose-dependent manner from 0.1 to 10 ng/ml with half-maximal inhibition occurring at 0.5-1.0 ng of TNF-alpha per ml. Bovine aortic and brain capillary endothelial and smooth muscle cells are similarly affected. TNF-alpha is a noncompetitive antagonist of FGF-stimulated cell proliferation. Its action on endothelial cells is reversible and noncytotoxic. Surprisingly, TNF-alpha does not seem to inhibit endothelial cell proliferation in vivo. In the rabbit cornea, even a high dose of TNF-alpha (10 micrograms) does not suppress angiogenesis induced by basic FGF. On the contrary, in this model system TNF-alpha stimulates neovascularization. The inflammatory response that is seen in the cornea after TNF-alpha implantation suggests that the angiogenic properties of this agent may be a consequence of leukocyte infiltration.

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Selected References

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