Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1987 Sep;84(17):6317–6321. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.17.6317

Activated neu oncogene sequences in primary tumors of the peripheral nervous system induced in rats by transplacental exposure to ethylnitrosourea.

A O Perantoni, J M Rice, C D Reed, M Watatani, M L Wenk
PMCID: PMC299062  PMID: 3476947

Abstract

Neurogenic tumors were selectively induced in high incidence in F344 rats by a single transplacental exposure to the direct-acting alkylating agent N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (EtNU). We prepared DNA for transfection of NIH 3T3 cells from primary glial tumors of the brain and from schwannomas of the cranial and spinal nerves that developed in the transplacentally exposed offspring between 20 and 40 weeks after birth. DNA preparations from 6 of 13 schwannomas, but not from normal liver, kidney, or intestine of tumor-bearing rats, transformed NIH 3T3 cells. NIH 3T3 clones transformed by schwannoma DNA contained rat repetitive DNA sequences, and all isolates contained rat neu oncogene sequences. One schwannoma yielded a transformant with rat-specific sequences for both neu and N-ras. A point mutation in the transmembrane region of the putative protein product of neu was identified in all six transformants and in the primary tumors from which they were derived as well as in 5 of 6 schwannomas tested that did not transform NIH 3T3 cells. Of 59 gliomas, only one yielded transforming DNA, and an activated N-ras oncogene was identified. The normal cellular neu sequence for the transmembrane region, but not the mutated sequence, was identified in DNA from all 11 gliomas surveyed by oligonucleotide hybridization. Activation of the neu oncogene, originally identified [Schechter, A.L., Stern, D.F., Vaidyanathan, L., Decker, S.J., Drebin, J.A., Greene, M.I. & Weinberg, R.A. (1984) Nature (London) 312, 513-516] in cultured cell lines derived from EtNU-induced neurogenic tumors that by biochemical but not histologic criteria were thought to originate in the central nervous system in BD-IX rats, appears specifically associated with tumors of the peripheral nervous system in the F344 inbred strain.

Full text

PDF
6317

Images in this article

6319Image
on p.6319
6319Image
on p.6319
6319Image
on p.6319
6320Image
on p.6320
6320Image
on p.6320

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Balmain A., Ramsden M., Bowden G. T., Smith J. Activation of the mouse cellular Harvey-ras gene in chemically induced benign skin papillomas. Nature. 1984 Feb 16;307(5952):658–660. doi: 10.1038/307658a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bargmann C. I., Hung M. C., Weinberg R. A. Multiple independent activations of the neu oncogene by a point mutation altering the transmembrane domain of p185. Cell. 1986 Jun 6;45(5):649–657. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90779-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bargmann C. I., Hung M. C., Weinberg R. A. The neu oncogene encodes an epidermal growth factor receptor-related protein. Nature. 1986 Jan 16;319(6050):226–230. doi: 10.1038/319226a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Becker R. A., Montesano R. Repair of O4-methyldeoxythymidine residues in DNA by mammalian liver extracts. Carcinogenesis. 1985 Feb;6(2):313–317. doi: 10.1093/carcin/6.2.313. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bizub D., Wood A. W., Skalka A. M. Mutagenesis of the Ha-ras oncogene in mouse skin tumors induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Aug;83(16):6048–6052. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.16.6048. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bos J. L., Toksoz D., Marshall C. J., Verlaan-de Vries M., Veeneman G. H., van der Eb A. J., van Boom J. H., Janssen J. W., Steenvoorden A. C. Amino-acid substitutions at codon 13 of the N-ras oncogene in human acute myeloid leukaemia. 1985 Jun 27-Jul 3Nature. 315(6022):726–730. doi: 10.1038/315726a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Brinster R. L., Chen H. Y., Messing A., van Dyke T., Levine A. J., Palmiter R. D. Transgenic mice harboring SV40 T-antigen genes develop characteristic brain tumors. Cell. 1984 Jun;37(2):367–379. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90367-2. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Coussens L., Yang-Feng T. L., Liao Y. C., Chen E., Gray A., McGrath J., Seeburg P. H., Libermann T. A., Schlessinger J., Francke U. Tyrosine kinase receptor with extensive homology to EGF receptor shares chromosomal location with neu oncogene. Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1132–1139. doi: 10.1126/science.2999974. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Demple B., Sedgwick B., Robins P., Totty N., Waterfield M. D., Lindahl T. Active site and complete sequence of the suicidal methyltransferase that counters alkylation mutagenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 May;82(9):2688–2692. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.9.2688. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Druckrey H., Ivanković S., Preussmann R. Teratogenic and carcinogenic effects in the offspring after single injection of ethylnitrosourea to pregnant rats. Nature. 1966 Jun 25;210(5043):1378–1379. doi: 10.1038/2101378a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Druckrey H., Landschütz C., Ivankovic S. Transplacentare Erzeugung maligner Tumoren des Nervensystems. II. Athyl-nitrosoharnstoff an 10 genetisch definierten Rattenstämmen. Z Krebsforsch. 1970 Mar 10;73(4):371–386. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Fasano O., Aldrich T., Tamanoi F., Taparowsky E., Furth M., Wigler M. Analysis of the transforming potential of the human H-ras gene by random mutagenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jul;81(13):4008–4012. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.13.4008. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Fukushige S., Matsubara K., Yoshida M., Sasaki M., Suzuki T., Semba K., Toyoshima K., Yamamoto T. Localization of a novel v-erbB-related gene, c-erbB-2, on human chromosome 17 and its amplification in a gastric cancer cell line. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Mar;6(3):955–958. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.3.955. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Graham F. L., van der Eb A. J. A new technique for the assay of infectivity of human adenovirus 5 DNA. Virology. 1973 Apr;52(2):456–467. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(73)90341-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Guerrero I., Calzada P., Mayer A., Pellicer A. A molecular approach to leukemogenesis: mouse lymphomas contain an activated c-ras oncogene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jan;81(1):202–205. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.1.202. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Huh N., Rajewsky M. F. Enzymatic elimination of O6-ethylguanine and stability of O4-ethylthymine in the DNA of malignant neural cell lines exposed to N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea in culture. Carcinogenesis. 1986 Mar;7(3):435–439. doi: 10.1093/carcin/7.3.435. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Hung M. C., Schechter A. L., Chevray P. Y., Stern D. F., Weinberg R. A. Molecular cloning of the neu gene: absence of gross structural alteration in oncogenic alleles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jan;83(2):261–264. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.2.261. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Ishikawa F., Takaku F., Hayashi K., Nagao M., Sugimura T. Activation of rat c-raf during transfection of hepatocellular carcinoma DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 May;83(10):3209–3212. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.10.3209. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lewis S. E., Johnson F. M., Skow L. C., Popp D., Barnett L. B., Popp R. A. A mutation in the beta-globin gene detected in the progeny of a female mouse treated with ethylnitrosourea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Sep;82(17):5829–5831. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.17.5829. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Quintanilla M., Brown K., Ramsden M., Balmain A. Carcinogen-specific mutation and amplification of Ha-ras during mouse skin carcinogenesis. Nature. 1986 Jul 3;322(6074):78–80. doi: 10.1038/322078a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Schechter A. L., Hung M. C., Vaidyanathan L., Weinberg R. A., Yang-Feng T. L., Francke U., Ullrich A., Coussens L. The neu gene: an erbB-homologous gene distinct from and unlinked to the gene encoding the EGF receptor. Science. 1985 Sep 6;229(4717):976–978. doi: 10.1126/science.2992090. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Schechter A. L., Stern D. F., Vaidyanathan L., Decker S. J., Drebin J. A., Greene M. I., Weinberg R. A. The neu oncogene: an erb-B-related gene encoding a 185,000-Mr tumour antigen. Nature. 1984 Dec 6;312(5994):513–516. doi: 10.1038/312513a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Schubert D., Heinemann S., Carlisle W., Tarikas H., Kimes B., Patrick J., Steinbach J. H., Culp W., Brandt B. L. Clonal cell lines from the rat central nervous system. Nature. 1974 May 17;249(454):224–227. doi: 10.1038/249224a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Semba K., Kamata N., Toyoshima K., Yamamoto T. A v-erbB-related protooncogene, c-erbB-2, is distinct from the c-erbB-1/epidermal growth factor-receptor gene and is amplified in a human salivary gland adenocarcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(19):6497–6501. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.19.6497. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Shih C., Padhy L. C., Murray M., Weinberg R. A. Transforming genes of carcinomas and neuroblastomas introduced into mouse fibroblasts. Nature. 1981 Mar 19;290(5803):261–264. doi: 10.1038/290261a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Singer B., Spengler S. J., Fraenkel-Conrat H., Kuśmierek J. T. O4-Methyl, -ethyl, or -isopropyl substituents on thymidine in poly(dA-dT) all lead to transitions upon replication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jan;83(1):28–32. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.1.28. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Singer B., Spengler S., Bodell W. J. Tissue-dependent enzyme-mediated repair or removal of O-ethyl pyrimidines and ethyl purines in carcinogen-treated rats. Carcinogenesis. 1981;2(10):1069–1073. doi: 10.1093/carcin/2.10.1069. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Singer B. The chemical effects of nucleic acid alkylation and their relation to mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 1975;15(0):219–284. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Slamon D. J., Clark G. M., Wong S. G., Levin W. J., Ullrich A., McGuire W. L. Human breast cancer: correlation of relapse and survival with amplification of the HER-2/neu oncogene. Science. 1987 Jan 9;235(4785):177–182. doi: 10.1126/science.3798106. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Small J. A., Blair D. G., Showalter S. D., Scangos G. A. Analysis of a transgenic mouse containing simian virus 40 and v-myc sequences. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Apr;5(4):642–648. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.4.642. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Small J. A., Khoury G., Jay G., Howley P. M., Scangos G. A. Early regions of JC virus and BK virus induce distinct and tissue-specific tumors in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Nov;83(21):8288–8292. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.21.8288. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Stern D. F., Heffernan P. A., Weinberg R. A. p185, a product of the neu proto-oncogene, is a receptorlike protein associated with tyrosine kinase activity. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 May;6(5):1729–1740. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.5.1729. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Sukumar S., Notario V., Martin-Zanca D., Barbacid M. Induction of mammary carcinomas in rats by nitroso-methylurea involves malignant activation of H-ras-1 locus by single point mutations. Nature. 1983 Dec 15;306(5944):658–661. doi: 10.1038/306658a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Sukumar S., Perantoni A., Reed C., Rice J. M., Wenk M. L. Activated K-ras and N-ras oncogenes in primary renal mesenchymal tumors induced in F344 rats by methyl(methoxymethyl)nitrosamine. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jul;6(7):2716–2720. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.7.2716. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Takahashi M., Ritz J., Cooper G. M. Activation of a novel human transforming gene, ret, by DNA rearrangement. Cell. 1985 Sep;42(2):581–588. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90115-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Varmus H. E. The molecular genetics of cellular oncogenes. Annu Rev Genet. 1984;18:553–612. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.18.120184.003005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Wigler M., Silverstein S., Lee L. S., Pellicer A., Cheng Y. c., Axel R. Transfer of purified herpes virus thymidine kinase gene to cultured mouse cells. Cell. 1977 May;11(1):223–232. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90333-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Wiseman R. W., Stowers S. J., Miller E. C., Anderson M. W., Miller J. A. Activating mutations of the c-Ha-ras protooncogene in chemically induced hepatomas of the male B6C3 F1 mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Aug;83(16):5825–5829. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.16.5825. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Zarbl H., Sukumar S., Arthur A. V., Martin-Zanca D., Barbacid M. Direct mutagenesis of Ha-ras-1 oncogenes by N-nitroso-N-methylurea during initiation of mammary carcinogenesis in rats. 1985 May 30-Jun 5Nature. 315(6018):382–385. doi: 10.1038/315382a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. van de Vijver M., van de Bersselaar R., Devilee P., Cornelisse C., Peterse J., Nusse R. Amplification of the neu (c-erbB-2) oncogene in human mammmary tumors is relatively frequent and is often accompanied by amplification of the linked c-erbA oncogene. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 May;7(5):2019–2023. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.5.2019. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES